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2.3.1.211

Accepted name:

bisdemethoxycurcumin synthase

Reaction:

2 4-coumaroyl-CoA + malonyl-CoA + H₂O = 3 CoA + bisdemethoxycurcumin + 2 CO₂

For diagram of curcumin biosynthesis, click here

Glossary:

bisdemethoxycurcumin = (1E,6E)-5-hydroxy-1,7-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)hepta-1,4,6-trien-3-one

Other name(s):

CUS; curcuminoid synthase (ambiguous)

Systematic name:

4-coumaroyl-CoA:malonyl-CoA 4-coumaryltransferase (bisdemethoxycurcumin-forming)

Comments:

A polyketide synthase characterized from the plant Oryza sativa (rice) that catalyses the formation of the C₆-C₇-C₆ diarylheptanoid scaffold of bisdemethoxycurcumin. Unlike the process in the plant Curcuma longa (turmeric), where the conversion is carried out via a diketide intermediate by two different enzymes (EC 2.3.1.218, phenylpropanoylacetyl-CoA synthase and EC 2.3.1.217, curcumin synthase), the diketide intermediate formed by this enzyme remains within the enzyme’s cavity and is not released to the environment.

Links to other databases:

BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB

References:

1.	Morita, H., Wanibuchi, K., Nii, H., Kato, R., Sugio, S. and Abe, I. Structural basis for the one-pot formation of the diarylheptanoid scaffold by curcuminoid synthase from Oryza sativa. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 107 (2010) 19778–19783. [DOI] [PMID: 21041675]

[EC 2.3.1.211 created 2013]

2.3.1.218

Accepted name:

phenylpropanoylacetyl-CoA synthase

Reaction:

(1) feruloyl-CoA + malonyl-CoA = feruloylacetyl-CoA + CO₂ + CoA
(2) 4-coumaroyl-CoA + malonyl-CoA = (4-coumaroyl)acetyl-CoA + CO₂ + CoA

For diagram of curcumin biosynthesis, click here

Glossary:

feruloylacetyl-CoA = feruloyl-diketide-CoA
(4-coumaroyl)acetyl-CoA = 4-coumaroyl-diketide-CoA
phenylpropanoylacetyl-CoA = phenylpropanoyl-diketide-CoA

Other name(s):

phenylpropanoyl-diketide-CoA synthase; DCS

Systematic name:

phenylpropanoyl-CoA:malonyl-CoA phenylpropanoyl-transferase (decarboxylating)

Comments:

The enzyme has been characterized from the plant Curcuma longa (turmeric). It prefers feruloyl-CoA, and has no activity with cinnamoyl-CoA.

Links to other databases:

BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc

References:

1.	Katsuyama, Y., Kita, T., Funa, N. and Horinouchi, S. Curcuminoid biosynthesis by two type III polyketide synthases in the herb Curcuma longa. J. Biol. Chem. 284 (2009) 11160–11170. [DOI] [PMID: 19258320]

[EC 2.3.1.218 created 2013]