EC |
2.3.1.106 |
Accepted name: |
tartronate O-hydroxycinnamoyltransferase |
Reaction: |
sinapoyl-CoA + 2-hydroxymalonate = CoA + sinapoyltartronate |
|
For diagram of reaction, click here |
Glossary: |
sinapate = 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxycinnamate
tartronate = 2-hydroxymalonate |
Other name(s): |
tartronate sinapoyltransferase; hydroxycinnamoyl-coenzyme-A:tartronate hydroxycinnamoyltransferase |
Systematic name: |
sinapoyl-CoA:2-hydroxymalonate O-(hydroxycinnamoyl)transferase |
Comments: |
4-Coumaroyl-CoA (4-hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA), caffeoyl-CoA (3,4-dihydroxycinnamoyl-CoA) and feruloyl-CoA (4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamoyl-CoA) can also act as donors for the enzyme from the mung bean (Vigna radiata). |
Links to other databases: |
BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, CAS registry number: 102484-57-1 |
References: |
1. |
Strack, D., Ruhoff, R. and Gräwe, W. Hydroxycinnamoyl-Coenzyme-A-tartronate hydroxycinnamoyltransferase in protein preparations from mung bean. Phytochemistry 25 (1986) 833–837. |
|
[EC 2.3.1.106 created 1989, modified 1990, modified 2002] |
|
|
|
|
EC |
2.4.1.120 |
Accepted name: |
sinapate 1-glucosyltransferase |
Reaction: |
UDP-α-D-glucose + sinapate = UDP + 1-O-sinapoyl-β-D-glucose |
Glossary: |
sinapate = (2E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate |
Other name(s): |
uridine diphosphoglucose-sinapate glucosyltransferase; UDP-glucose:sinapic acid glucosyltransferase; uridine 5′-diphosphoglucose-hydroxycinnamic acid acylglucosyltransferase; UDP-glucose:sinapate D-glucosyltransferase |
Systematic name: |
UDP-α-D-glucose:sinapate D-glucosyltransferase |
Comments: |
Some other hydroxycinnamates, including 4-coumarate, ferulate and caffeate, can act as acceptors, but more slowly. Only glucose esters, not glucosides, are formed (cf. EC 2.4.1.126 hydroxycinnamate 4-β-glucosyltransferase). |
Links to other databases: |
BRENDA, EXPASY, GTD, KEGG, MetaCyc, CAS registry number: 74082-53-4 |
References: |
1. |
Strack, D. Enzymatic synthesis of 1-sinapoylglucose from free sinapic acid and UDP-glucose by a cell free system from Raphanus sativus seedlings. Z. Naturforsch. C: Biosci. 35 (1980) 204–208. |
|
[EC 2.4.1.120 created 1984] |
|
|
|
|
EC |
2.4.1.126 |
Accepted name: |
hydroxycinnamate 4-β-glucosyltransferase |
Reaction: |
UDP-glucose + trans-4-hydroxycinnamate = UDP + 4-O-β-D-glucosyl-4-hydroxycinnamate |
Other name(s): |
uridine diphosphoglucose-hydroxycinnamate glucosyltransferase; UDP-glucose-hydroxycinnamate glucosyltransferase; hydroxycinnamoyl glucosyltransferase |
Systematic name: |
UDP-glucose:trans-4-hydroxycinnamate 4-O-β-D-glucosyltransferase |
Comments: |
Acts on 4-coumarate, ferulate, caffeate and sinapate, forming a mixture of 4-glucosides and glucose esters (cf. EC 2.4.1.120 sinapate 1-glucosyltransferase). |
Links to other databases: |
BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, CAS registry number: 77848-85-2 |
References: |
1. |
Fleuriet, A., Macheix, J.J., Suen, R. and Ibrahim, R.K. Partial purifiction and some properties of a hydroxycinnamoyl glucosyltransferase from tomato fruits. Z. Naturforsch. C: Biosci. 35 (1980) 967–972. |
|
[EC 2.4.1.126 created 1984] |
|
|
|
|
EC |
2.4.1.299 |
Accepted name: |
cyanidin 3-O-glucoside 5-O-glucosyltransferase (acyl-glucose) |
Reaction: |
1-O-sinapoyl-β-D-glucose + cyanidin 3-O-β-D-glucoside = sinapate + cyanidin 3,5-di-O-β-D-glucoside |
|
For diagram of anthocyanidin glucoside biosynthesis, click here |
Glossary: |
sinapate = 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxycinnamate
cyanidin = 3,3′,4′,5,7-pentahydroxyflavylium
|
Other name(s): |
AA5GT |
Systematic name: |
1-O-sinapoyl-β-D-glucose:cyanidin-3-O-β-D-glucoside 5-O-β-D-glucosyltransferase |
Comments: |
Isolated from the plant Dianthus caryophyllus (carnation). Also acts on other anthocyanidins and with other acyl-glucose donors. cf. EC 2.4.1.298, anthocyanidin 3-O-glucoside 5-O-glucosyltransferase. |
Links to other databases: |
BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc |
References: |
1. |
Matsuba, Y., Sasaki, N., Tera, M., Okamura, M., Abe, Y., Okamoto, E., Nakamura, H., Funabashi, H., Takatsu, M., Saito, M., Matsuoka, H., Nagasawa, K. and Ozeki, Y. A novel glucosylation reaction on anthocyanins catalyzed by acyl-glucose-dependent glucosyltransferase in the petals of carnation and delphinium. Plant Cell 22 (2010) 3374–3389. [DOI] [PMID: 20971893] |
2. |
Nishizaki, Y., Matsuba, Y., Okamoto, E., Okamura, M., Ozeki, Y. and Sasaki, N. Structure of the acyl-glucose-dependent anthocyanin 5-O-glucosyltransferase gene in carnations and its disruption by transposable elements in some varieties. Mol. Genet. Genomics 286 (2011) 383–394. [DOI] [PMID: 22048706] |
|
[EC 2.4.1.299 created 2013] |
|
|
|
|
EC |
3.1.1.49 |
Accepted name: |
sinapine esterase |
Reaction: |
sinapoylcholine + H2O = sinapate + choline |
Other name(s): |
aromatic choline esterase |
Systematic name: |
sinapoylcholine sinapohydrolase |
Links to other databases: |
BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, CAS registry number: 72506-67-3 |
References: |
1. |
Nurmann, G. and Strack, D. Sinapine esterase. 1. Characterization of sinapine esterase from cotyledons of Raphanus sativus. Z. Naturforsch. C: Biosci. 34 (1979) 715–720. |
|
[EC 3.1.1.49 created 1984] |
|
|
|
|
EC |
4.1.2.66 |
Accepted name: |
4-coumarate hydratase/lyase |
Reaction: |
4-coumarate + H2O = 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde + acetate (overall reaction) (1a) 4-coumarate + H2O = 3-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate (1b) 3-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate = 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde + acetate |
Glossary: |
4-coumarate = (2E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acrylate = (2E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate |
Other name(s): |
4-hydroxybenzaldehyde synthase; 4HBS |
Systematic name: |
4-coumarate acetate-lyase (4-hydroxybenzaldehyde-forming) |
Comments: |
The enzyme has been purified from vanilla pods of the orchid Vanilla planifolia. It is highly specific for 4-coumarate. Similar compounds such as cinnamate, caffeate, sinapate and o-coumarate are not substrates. |
Links to other databases: |
BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc |
References: |
1. |
Podstolski, A., Havkin-Frenkel, D., Malinowski, J., Blount, J.W., Kourteva, G. and Dixon, R.A. Unusual 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde synthase activity from tissue cultures of the vanilla orchid Vanilla planifolia. Phytochemistry 61 (2002) 611–620. [DOI] [PMID: 12423881] |
|
[EC 4.1.2.66 created 2024] |
|
|
|
|