ExplorEnz: EC 7.6.2.1

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7.6.2.1

Accepted name:

P-type phospholipid transporter

Reaction:

ATP + H₂O + phospholipid_{[side 1]} = ADP + phosphate + phospholipid_{[side 2]}

Other name(s):

Mg²⁺-ATPase (ambiguous); flippase (ambiguous); aminophospholipid-transporting ATPase (ambiguous); phospholipid-translocating ATPase (ambiguous); phospholipid-transporting ATPase (ambiguous)

Systematic name:

ATP phosphohydrolase (P-type, phospholipid-flipping)

Comments:

A P-type ATPase that undergoes covalent phosphorylation during the transport cycle. Different forms of the enzyme move phospholipids such as phosphatidylcholine, lyso-phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidyglycerol, sphingomyelin and glucosylceramide from one membrane face to the other (‘flippase’).

Links to other databases:

BRENDA, EXPASY, Gene, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB

References:

1.	Morris, M.B., Auland, M.E., Xu, Y.H. and Roufogalis, B.D. Characterization of the Mg²⁺-ATPase activity of the human erythrocyte membrane. Biochem. Mol. Biol. Int. 31 (1993) 823–832. [PMID: 8136700]
2.	Vermeulen, W.P., Briede, J.J. and Rolofsen, B. Manipulation of the phosphatidylethanolamine pool in the human red cell membrane affects its Mg²⁺-ATPase activity. Mol. Membr. Biol. 13 (1996) 95–102. [PMID: 8839453]
3.	Suzuki, H., Kamakura, M., Morii, M. and Takeguchi, N. The phospholipid flippase activity of gastric vesicles. J. Biol. Chem. 272 (1997) 10429–10434. [DOI] [PMID: 9099684]
4.	Auland, M.E., Roufogalis, B.D., Devaux, P.F. and Zachowski, A. Reconstitution of ATP-dependent aminophospholipid translocation in proteoliposomes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91 (1994) 10938–10942. [DOI] [PMID: 7971987]
5.	Alder-Baerens, N., Lisman, Q., Luong, L., Pomorski, T. and Holthuis, J.C. Loss of P4 ATPases Drs2p and Dnf3p disrupts aminophospholipid transport and asymmetry in yeast post-Golgi secretory vesicles. Mol. Biol. Cell 17 (2006) 1632–1642. [DOI] [PMID: 16452632]
6.	Lopez-Marques, R.L., Poulsen, L.R., Hanisch, S., Meffert, K., Buch-Pedersen, M.J., Jakobsen, M.K., Pomorski, T.G. and Palmgren, M.G. Intracellular targeting signals and lipid specificity determinants of the ALA/ALIS P4-ATPase complex reside in the catalytic ALA α-subunit. Mol. Biol. Cell 21 (2010) 791–801. [DOI] [PMID: 20053675]
7.	Jensen, M.S., Costa, S.R., Duelli, A.S., Andersen, P.A., Poulsen, L.R., Stanchev, L.D., Gourdon, P., Palmgren, M., Günther Pomorski, T. and Lopez-Marques, R.L. Phospholipid flipping involves a central cavity in P4 ATPases. Sci. Rep. 7:17621 (2017). [PMID: 29247234]

[EC 7.6.2.1 created 2000 as EC 3.6.3.1 (EC 3.6.3.13 created 2000, incorporated 2001), transferred 2018 to EC 7.6.2.1]