ExplorEnz: EC 6.3.1.21

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6.3.1.21

Accepted name:

phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase 2

Reaction:

ATP + formate + N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide = ADP + phosphate + N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

Other name(s):

purT (gene name); GAR transformylase 2; GART2; glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase 2; 5′-phosphoribosylglycinamide transformylase 2; GAR transformylase T

Systematic name:

formate:N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide ligase (ADP-forming)

Comments:

Two enzymes are known to catalyse the third step in de novo purine biosynthesis. This enzyme requires ATP and utilizes formate, which is provided by the hydrolysis of 10-formyltetrahydrofolate by EC 3.5.1.10, formyltetrahydrofolate deformylase. The other enzyme, EC 2.1.2.2, phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase 1, utilizes 10-formyltetrahydrofolate directly. Formyl phosphate is formed during catalysis as an intermediate. The enzyme from the bacterium Escherichia coli can also catalyse the activity of EC 2.7.2.1, acetate kinase.

Links to other databases:

BRENDA, EXPASY, Gene, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB

References:

1.	Nagy, P.L., McCorkle, G.M. and Zalkin, H. purU, a source of formate for purT-dependent phosphoribosyl-N-formylglycinamide synthesis. J. Bacteriol. 175 (1993) 7066–7073. [DOI] [PMID: 8226647]
2.	Nygaard, P. and Smith, J.M. Evidence for a novel glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase in Escherichia coli. J. Bacteriol. 175 (1993) 3591–3597. [DOI] [PMID: 8501063]
3.	Marolewski, A., Smith, J.M. and Benkovic, S.J. Cloning and characterization of a new purine biosynthetic enzyme: a non-folate glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase from E. coli. Biochemistry 33 (1994) 2531–2537. [DOI] [PMID: 8117714]
4.	Marolewski, A.E., Mattia, K.M., Warren, M.S. and Benkovic, S.J. Formyl phosphate: a proposed intermediate in the reaction catalyzed by Escherichia coli PurT GAR transformylase. Biochemistry 36 (1997) 6709–6716. [DOI] [PMID: 9184151]
5.	Thoden, J.B., Firestine, S., Nixon, A., Benkovic, S.J. and Holden, H.M. Molecular structure of Escherichia coli PurT-encoded glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase. Biochemistry 39 (2000) 8791–8802. [DOI] [PMID: 10913290]
6.	Jelsbak, L., Mortensen, M.IB., Kilstrup, M. and Olsen, J.E. The in vitro redundant enzymes PurN and PurT are both essential for systemic infection of mice in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Infect. Immun. 84 (2016) 2076–2085. [DOI] [PMID: 27113361]

[EC 6.3.1.21 created 2021]