ExplorEnz: EC 1.14.13.8

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1.14.13.8

Accepted name:

flavin-containing monooxygenase

Reaction:

N,N-dimethylaniline + NADPH + H⁺ + O₂ = N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide + NADP⁺ + H₂O

Other name(s):

dimethylaniline oxidase; dimethylaniline N-oxidase; FAD-containing monooxygenase; N,N-dimethylaniline monooxygenase; DMA oxidase; flavin mixed function oxidase; Ziegler’s enzyme; mixed-function amine oxidase; FMO; FMO-I; FMO-II; FMO1; FMO2; FMO3; FMO4; FMO5; flavin monooxygenase; methylphenyltetrahydropyridine N-monooxygenase; 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine:oxygen N-oxidoreductase; dimethylaniline monooxygenase (N-oxide-forming)

Systematic name:

N,N-dimethylaniline,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (N-oxide-forming)

Comments:

A flavoprotein. A broad spectrum monooxygenase that accepts substrates as diverse as hydrazines, phosphines, boron-containing compounds, sulfides, selenides, iodide, as well as primary, secondary and tertiary amines [3,4]. This enzyme is distinct from other monooxygenases in that the enzyme forms a relatively stable hydroperoxy flavin intermediate [4,5]. This microsomal enzyme generally converts nucleophilic heteroatom-containing chemicals and drugs into harmless, readily excreted metabolites. For example, N-oxygenation is largely responsible for the detoxification of the dopaminergic neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) [2,6]

Links to other databases:

BRENDA, EXPASY, Gene, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 37256-73-8

References:

1.	Ziegler, D.M. and Pettit, F.H. Microsomal oxidases. I. The isolation and dialkylarylamine oxygenase activity of pork liver microsomes. Biochemistry 5 (1966) 2932–2938. [PMID: 4381353]
2.	Chiba, K., Kubota, E., Miyakawa, T., Kato, Y. and Ishizaki, T. Characterization of hepatic microsomal metabolism as an in vivo detoxication pathway of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine in mice. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 246 (1988) 1108–1115. [PMID: 3262153]
3.	Cashman, J.R. Structural and catalytic properties of the mammalian flavin-containing monooxygenase. Chem. Res. Toxicol. 8 (1995) 165–181.
4.	Cashman, J.R. and Zhang, J. Human flavin-containing monooxygenases. Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 46 (2006) 65–100. [DOI] [PMID: 16402899]
5.	Jones, K.C. and Ballou, D.P. Reactions of the 4a-hydroperoxide of liver microsomal flavin-containing monooxygenase with nucleophilic and electrophilic substrates. J. Biol. Chem. 261 (1986) 2553–2559. [PMID: 3949735]
6.	Chiba, K., Kobayashi, K., Itoh, K., Itoh, S., Chiba, T., Ishizaki, T. and Kamataki, T. N-Oxygenation of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine by the rat liver flavin-containing monooxygenase expressed in yeast cells. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 293 (1995) 97–100. [PMID: 7672012]

[EC 1.14.13.8 created 1972 (EC 1.13.12.11 created 1992, part-incorporated 2006), modified 2006]