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Your query returned 6 entries. Printable version
EC | 1.1.1.219 | ||||||||||
Accepted name: | dihydroflavonol 4-reductase | ||||||||||
Reaction: | a (2R,3S,4S)-leucoanthocyanidin + NADP+ = a (2R,3R)-dihydroflavonol + NADPH + H+ | ||||||||||
For diagram of flavonoid biosynthesis, click here | |||||||||||
Other name(s): | dihydrokaempferol 4-reductase; dihydromyricetin reductase; NADPH-dihydromyricetin reductase; dihydroquercetin reductase; DFR (gene name); cis-3,4-leucopelargonidin:NADP+ 4-oxidoreductase; dihydroflavanol 4-reductase (incorrect) | ||||||||||
Systematic name: | (2R,3S,4S)-leucoanthocyanidin:NADP+ 4-oxidoreductase | ||||||||||
Comments: | This plant enzyme, involved in the biosynthesis of anthocyanidins, is known to act on (+)-dihydrokaempferol, (+)-taxifolin, and (+)-dihydromyricetin, although some enzymes may act only on a subset of these compounds. Each dihydroflavonol is reduced to the corresponding cis-flavan-3,4-diol. NAD+ can act instead of NADP+, but more slowly. | ||||||||||
Links to other databases: | BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 83682-99-9 | ||||||||||
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EC | 1.14.11.19 | ||||||||||
Transferred entry: | anthocyanidin synthase. Now EC 1.14.20.4, anthocyanidin synthase | ||||||||||
EC | 1.14.13.19 | ||||||||||
Accepted name: | taxifolin 8-monooxygenase | ||||||||||
Reaction: | taxifolin + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = 2,3-dihydrogossypetin + NAD(P)+ + H2O | ||||||||||
Other name(s): | taxifolin hydroxylase | ||||||||||
Systematic name: | taxifolin,NAD(P)H:oxygen oxidoreductase (8-hydroxylating) | ||||||||||
Comments: | A flavoprotein, converting a flavanol into a flavanone. Also acts on fustin, but not on catechin, quercetin or mollisacidin. | ||||||||||
Links to other databases: | BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, CAS registry number: 39307-19-2 | ||||||||||
References: |
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EC | 1.14.13.88 | ||||||||||
Transferred entry: | flavanoid 3,5-hydroxylase. Now EC 1.14.14.81, flavanoid 3,5-hydroxylase | ||||||||||
EC | 1.14.14.81 | ||||||||||
Accepted name: | flavanoid 3′,5′-hydroxylase | ||||||||||
Reaction: | a flavanone + 2 [reduced NADPH—hemoprotein reductase] + 2 O2 = a 3′,5′-dihydroxyflavanone + 2 [oxidized NADPH—hemoprotein reductase] + 2 H2O (overall reaction) (1a) a flavanone + [reduced NADPH—hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = a 3′-hydroxyflavanone + [oxidized NADPH—hemoprotein reductase] + H2O (1b) a 3′-hydroxyflavanone + [reduced NADPH—hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = a 3′,5′-dihydroxyflavanone + [oxidized NADPH—hemoprotein reductase] + H2O |
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For diagram of myricetin biosynthesis, click here, for diagram of the biosynthesis of naringenin derivatives, click here and for diagram of flavonoid biosynthesis, click here | |||||||||||
Other name(s): | flavonoid 3′,5′-hydroxylase | ||||||||||
Systematic name: | flavanone,[reduced NADPH—hemoprotein reductase]:oxygen oxidoreductase (3′,5′-dihydroxylating) | ||||||||||
Comments: | A cytochrome P-450 (heme-thiolate) protein found in plants. The 3′,5′-dihydroxyflavanone is formed via the 3′-hydroxyflavanone. In Petunia hybrida the enzyme acts on naringenin, eriodictyol, dihydroquercetin (taxifolin) and dihydrokaempferol (aromadendrin). The enzyme catalyses the hydroxylation of 5,7,4′-trihydroxyflavanone (naringenin) at either the 3′ position to form eriodictyol or at both the 3′ and 5′ positions to form 5,7,3′,4′,5′-pentahydroxyflavanone (dihydrotricetin). The enzyme also catalyses the hydroxylation of 3,5,7,3′,4′-pentahydroxyflavanone (taxifolin) at the 5′ position, forming ampelopsin. | ||||||||||
Links to other databases: | BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, CAS registry number: 94047-23-1 | ||||||||||
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EC | 1.14.20.4 | ||||||||||
Accepted name: | anthocyanidin synthase | ||||||||||
Reaction: | a (2R,3S,4S)-leucoanthocyanidin + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = an anthocyanidin + succinate + CO2 + 2 H2O (overall reaction) (1a) a (2R,3S,4S)-leucoanthocyanidin + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = a (4S)- 2,3-dehydroflavan-3,4-diol + succinate + CO2 + H2O (1b) a (4S)- 2,3-dehydroflavan-3,4-diol = an anthocyanidin + H2O |
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For diagram of anthocyanin biosynthesis, click here | |||||||||||
Glossary: | taxifolin = 3,4-dihydroquercitin | ||||||||||
Other name(s): | leucocyanidin oxygenase; leucocyanidin,2-oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase; ANS (gene name) | ||||||||||
Systematic name: | (2R,3S,4S)-leucoanthocyanidin,2-oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase | ||||||||||
Comments: | The enzyme requires iron(II) and ascorbate. It is involved in the pathway by which many flowering plants make anthocyanin flower pigments (glycosylated anthocyandins). The enzyme hydroxylates the C-3 carbon, followed by a trans diaxial elimination, forming a C-2,C-3 enol. The product loses a second water molecule to form anthocyanidins. When assayed in vitro, non-enzymic epimerization of the product can lead to formation of dihydroflavanols. Thus when the substrate is leucocyanidin, a mixture of (+)-taxifolin and (+)-epitaxifolin are formed. The enzyme can also oxidize the formed (+)-taxifolin to quercetin (cf. EC 1.14.20.6, flavonol synthase) [2,3]. | ||||||||||
Links to other databases: | BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 180984-01-4 | ||||||||||
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