| EC |
2.3.1.252 |
| Accepted name: |
mycolipanoate synthase |
| Reaction: |
a long-chain acyl-CoA + 3 (S)-methylmalonyl-CoA + 6 NADPH + 6 H+ + holo-[mycolipanoate synthase] = mycolipanoyl-[mycolipanoate synthase] + 4 CoA + 3 CO2 + 6 NADP+ + 3 H2O |
| Glossary: |
mycolipanoic acid = (2S,4S,6S)-2,4,6-trimethyl-very-long-chain fatty acid |
| Other name(s): |
msl3 (gene name); Pks3/4; mycolipanoic acid synthase; long-chain acyl-CoA:methylmalonyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (mycolipanoate-forming) |
| Systematic name: |
long-chain acyl-CoA:(S)-methylmalonyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (mycolipanoate-forming) |
| Comments: |
This mycobacterial enzyme accepts long-chain fatty acyl groups from their CoA esters and extends them by incorporation of three methylmalonyl (but not malonyl) residues, forming trimethyl-branched fatty-acids such as (2S,4S,6S)-2,4,6-trimethyltetracosanoate (C27-mycolipanoate). Since the enzyme lacks a thioesterase domain, the product remains bound to the enzyme and requires additional enzyme(s) for removal. |
| Links to other databases: |
BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc |
| References: |
| 1. |
Sirakova, T.D., Thirumala, A.K., Dubey, V.S., Sprecher, H. and Kolattukudy, P.E. The Mycobacterium tuberculosis pks2 gene encodes the synthase for the hepta- and octamethyl-branched fatty acids required for sulfolipid synthesis. J. Biol. Chem. 276 (2001) 16833–16839. [DOI] [PMID: 11278910] |
| 2. |
Dubey, V.S., Sirakova, T.D. and Kolattukudy, P.E. Disruption of msl3 abolishes the synthesis of mycolipanoic and mycolipenic acids required for polyacyltrehalose synthesis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv and causes cell aggregation. Mol. Microbiol. 45 (2002) 1451–1459. [DOI] [PMID: 12207710] |
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| [EC 2.3.1.252 created 2016, modified 2019] |
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| EC |
2.3.1.278 |
| Accepted name: |
mycolipenoyl-CoA—2-(long-chain-fatty acyl)-trehalose mycolipenoyltransferase |
| Reaction: |
a mycolipenoyl-CoA + a 2-(long-chain-fatty acyl)-trehalose = a 2-(long-chain-fatty acyl)-3-mycolipenoyl-trehalose + CoA |
| Glossary: |
a mycolipenoyl-CoA = a (2E,2S,4S,6S)-2,4,6-trimethyl-2-enoyl-CoA
polyacyltrehalose = PAT = a 2-(long-chain-fatty acyl)-2′,3,4′,6-tetramycolipenoyl-trehalose |
| Other name(s): |
papA3 (gene name) |
| Systematic name: |
mycolipenoyl-CoA:2-(long-chain-fatty acyl)-trehalose 3-mycolipenoyltransferase |
| Comments: |
The enzyme, characterized from the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, participates in the biosynthesis of polyacyltrehalose (PAT), a pentaacylated, trehalose-based glycolipid found in the cell wall of pathogenic strains. The enzyme catalyses two successive activities - it first transfers an acyl (often palmitoyl) group to position 2 (see EC 2.3.1.279, long-chain-acyl-CoA—trehalose acyltransferase), followed by the transfer of a mycolipenyl group to position 3. |
| Links to other databases: |
BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc |
| References: |
| 1. |
Hatzios, S.K., Schelle, M.W., Holsclaw, C.M., Behrens, C.R., Botyanszki, Z., Lin, F.L., Carlson, B.L., Kumar, P., Leary, J.A. and Bertozzi, C.R. PapA3 is an acyltransferase required for polyacyltrehalose biosynthesis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J. Biol. Chem. 284 (2009) 12745–12751. [PMID: 19276083] |
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| [EC 2.3.1.278 created 2018] |
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| EC |
2.3.1.279 |
| Accepted name: |
long-chain-acyl-CoA—trehalose acyltransferase |
| Reaction: |
a long-chain-fatty acyl-CoA + α,α-trehalose = a 2-(long-chain-fatty acyl)-trehalose + CoA |
| Glossary: |
polyacyltrehalose = PAT = a 2-(long-chain-fatty acyl)-2′,3,4′,6-tetramycolipenoyl-trehalose
a mycolipenoyl-CoA = a (2E,2S,4S,6S)-2,4,6-trimethyl-2-enoyl-CoA |
| Other name(s): |
papA3 (gene name) |
| Systematic name: |
long-chain-fatty acyl-CoA:α,α-trehalose 2-acyltransferase |
| Comments: |
The enzyme, characterized from the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, participates in the biosynthesis of polyacyltrehalose (PAT), a pentaacylated, trehalose-based glycolipid found in the cell wall of pathogenic strains. The enzyme catalyses two successive activities - it first transfers an acyl (often palmitoyl) group to position 2, followed by the transfer of a mycolipenyl group to position 3 (see EC 2.3.1.278, mycolipenoyl-CoA—2-(long-chain-fatty acyl)-trehalose mycolipenoyltransferase). |
| Links to other databases: |
BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc |
| References: |
| 1. |
Hatzios, S.K., Schelle, M.W., Holsclaw, C.M., Behrens, C.R., Botyanszki, Z., Lin, F.L., Carlson, B.L., Kumar, P., Leary, J.A. and Bertozzi, C.R. PapA3 is an acyltransferase required for polyacyltrehalose biosynthesis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J. Biol. Chem. 284 (2009) 12745–12751. [PMID: 19276083] |
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| [EC 2.3.1.279 created 2018] |
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