The Enzyme Database

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EC 1.14.99.46     
Accepted name: pyrimidine oxygenase
Reaction: (1) uracil + FMNH2 + O2 + NADH = (Z)-3-ureidoacrylate + H2O + FMN + NAD+ + H+ (overall reaction)
(1a) FMNH2 + O2 = FMN-N5-peroxide
(1b) uracil + FMN-N5-peroxide = (Z)-3-ureidoacrylate + FMN-N5-oxide
(1c) FMN-N5-oxide + NADH = FMN + H2O + NAD+ + H+ (spontaneous)
(2) thymine + FMNH2 + O2 + NADH = (Z)-2-methylureidoacrylate + H2O + FMN + NAD+ + H+ (overall reaction)
(2a) FMNH2 + O2 = FMN-N5-peroxide
(2b) thymine + FMN-N5-peroxide = (Z)-2-methylureidoacrylate + FMN-N5-oxide
(2c) FMN-N5-oxide + NADH = FMN + H2O + NAD+ + H+ (spontaneous)
Glossary: (Z)-3-ureidoacrylate = (2Z)-3-(carbamoylamino)prop-2-enoate
(Z)-2-methylureidoacrylate = (2Z)-3-(carbamoylamino)-2-methylprop-2-enoate
Other name(s): rutA (gene name)
Systematic name: uracil,FMNH2:oxygen oxidoreductase (uracil hydroxylating, ring-opening)
Comments: The enzyme participates in the Rut pyrimidine catabolic pathway. The flavin-N5-oxide that is formed by the enzyme reacts spontaneously with NADH to give oxidized flavin, releasing a water molecule.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB
References:
1.  Mukherjee, T., Zhang, Y., Abdelwahed, S., Ealick, S.E. and Begley, T.P. Catalysis of a flavoenzyme-mediated amide hydrolysis. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 132 (2010) 5550–5551. [DOI] [PMID: 20369853]
2.  Kim, K.S., Pelton, J.G., Inwood, W.B., Andersen, U., Kustu, S. and Wemmer, D.E. The Rut pathway for pyrimidine degradation: novel chemistry and toxicity problems. J. Bacteriol. 192 (2010) 4089–4102. [DOI] [PMID: 20400551]
3.  Adak, S. and Begley, T.P. RutA-catalyzed oxidative cleavage of the uracil amide involves formation of a flavin-N5-oxide. Biochemistry 56 (2017) 3708–3709. [PMID: 28661684]
4.  Adak, S. and Begley, T.P. Flavin-N5-oxide: A new, catalytic motif in flavoenzymology. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 632 (2017) 4–10. [PMID: 28784589]
5.  Matthews, A., Saleem-Batcha, R., Sanders, J.N., Stull, F., Houk, K.N. and Teufel, R. Aminoperoxide adducts expand the catalytic repertoire of flavin monooxygenases. Nat. Chem. Biol. 16 (2020) 556–563. [DOI] [PMID: 32066967]
[EC 1.14.99.46 created 2012, modified 2019]
 
 
EC 3.5.1.110     
Accepted name: ureidoacrylate amidohydrolase
Reaction: (1) (Z)-3-ureidoacrylate + H2O = (Z)-3-aminoacrylate + CO2 + NH3 (overall reaction)
(1a) (Z)-3-ureidoacrylate + H2O = (Z)-3-aminoacrylate + carbamate
(1b) carbamate = CO2 + NH3 (spontaneous)
(2) (Z)-2-methylureidoacrylate + H2O = (Z)-2-methylaminoacrylate + CO2 + NH3 (overall reaction)
(2a) (Z)-2-methylureidoacrylate + H2O = (Z)-2-methylaminoacrylate + carbamate
(2b) carbamate = CO2 + NH3 (spontaneous)
For diagram of pyrimidine catabolism, click here
Glossary: (Z)-3-ureidoacrylate = (2Z)-3-(carbamoylamino)prop-2-enoate
(Z)-2-methylureidoacrylate = (2Z)-3-(carbamoylamino)-2-methylprop-2-enoate
Other name(s): peroxyureidoacrylate/ureidoacrylate amidohydrolase; rutB (gene name); (Z)-3-ureidoacrylate peracid amidohydrolase
Systematic name: (Z)-3-ureidoacrylate amidohydrolase
Comments: The enzyme participates in the Rut pyrimidine catabolic pathway.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB
References:
1.  Kim, K.S., Pelton, J.G., Inwood, W.B., Andersen, U., Kustu, S. and Wemmer, D.E. The Rut pathway for pyrimidine degradation: novel chemistry and toxicity problems. J. Bacteriol. 192 (2010) 4089–4102. [DOI] [PMID: 20400551]
[EC 3.5.1.110 created 2012, modified 2020]
 
 


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