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1.14.20.9

Accepted name:

L-tyrosine isonitrile desaturase

Reaction:

(2S)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-isocyanopropanoate + 2-oxoglutarate + O₂ = (2E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-isocyanoprop-2-enoate + succinate + CO₂ + H₂O

Glossary:

(2S)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-isocyanopropanoic acid = L-tyrosine isonitrile
paerucumarin = 6,7-dihydroxy-3-isocyanochromen-2-one

Other name(s):

pvcB (gene name)

Systematic name:

(2S)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-isocyanopropanoate,2-oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase

Comments:

The enzyme is a member of the Fe²⁺, 2-oxoglutarate-dependent oxygenases and requires Fe²⁺. It has been characterized from bacteria that form the isonitrile-functionalized compound paerucumarin. cf. EC 1.14.20.10, L-tyrosine isonitrile desaturase/decarboxylase.

Links to other databases:

BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB

References:

1.	Clarke-Pearson, M.F. and Brady, S.F. Paerucumarin, a new metabolite produced by the pvc gene cluster from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J. Bacteriol. 190 (2008) 6927–6930. [DOI] [PMID: 18689486]
2.	Drake, E.J. and Gulick, A.M. Three-dimensional structures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PvcA and PvcB, two proteins involved in the synthesis of 2-isocyano-6,7-dihydroxycoumarin. J. Mol. Biol. 384 (2008) 193–205. [DOI] [PMID: 18824174]
3.	Zhu, J., Lippa, G.M., Gulick, A.M. and Tipton, P.A. Examining reaction specificity in PvcB, a source of diversity in isonitrile-containing natural products. Biochemistry 54 (2015) 2659–2669. [DOI] [PMID: 25866990]

[EC 1.14.20.9 created 2018]

1.14.20.10

Accepted name:

L-tyrosine isonitrile desaturase/decarboxylase

Reaction:

(2S)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-isocyanopropanoate + 2-oxoglutarate + O₂ = 4-[(E)-2-isocyanoethenyl]phenol + succinate + 2 CO₂ + H₂O

Glossary:

(2S)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-isocyanopropanoic acid = L-tyrosine isonitrile
rhabduscin = N-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-{4-[(E)-2-isocyanoethenyl]phenoxy}-2-methyloxan-3-yl]acetamide

Other name(s):

pvcB (gene name)

Systematic name:

(2S)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-isocyanopropanoate,2-oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)

Comments:

The enzyme, characterized from the bacterium Xenorhabdus nematophila, is involved in rhabduscin biosynthesis. The enzyme is a member of the Fe²⁺, 2-oxoglutarate-dependent oxygenases. It is similar to EC 1.14.20.9, L-tyrosine isonitrile desaturase. However, the latter does not catalyse a decarboxylation of the substrate.

Links to other databases:

BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc

References:

1.	Crawford, J.M., Portmann, C., Zhang, X., Roeffaers, M.B. and Clardy, J. Small molecule perimeter defense in entomopathogenic bacteria. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 109 (2012) 10821–10826. [DOI] [PMID: 22711807]
2.	Zhu, J., Lippa, G.M., Gulick, A.M. and Tipton, P.A. Examining reaction specificity in PvcB, a source of diversity in isonitrile-containing natural products. Biochemistry 54 (2015) 2659–2669. [DOI] [PMID: 25866990]

[EC 1.14.20.10 created 2018]