ExplorEnz: EC 5.4.99.41

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5.4.99.41

Accepted name:

lupeol synthase

Reaction:

(3S)-2,3-epoxy-2,3-dihydrosqualene = lupeol

For diagram of lupeol and lupan-3β,20-diol biosynthesis, click here

Other name(s):

LUPI; BPW; RcLUS

Systematic name:

(3S)-2,3-epoxy-2,3-dihydrosqualene mutase (cyclizing, lupeol-forming)

Comments:

Also forms some β-amyrin. The recombinant enzyme from Arabidopsis thaliana [3] gives a 1:1 mixture of lupeol and lupan-3β,20-diol with small amounts of β-amyrin, germanicol, taraxasterol and ψ-taraxasterol. See EC 4.2.1.128 (lupan-3β,20-diol synthase).

Links to other databases:

BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc

References:

1.	Herrera, J.B., Bartel, B., Wilson, W.K. and Matsuda, S.P. Cloning and characterization of the Arabidopsis thaliana lupeol synthase gene. Phytochemistry 49 (1998) 1905–1911. [DOI] [PMID: 9883589]
2.	Shibuya, M., Zhang, H., Endo, A., Shishikura, K., Kushiro, T. and Ebizuka, Y. Two branches of the lupeol synthase gene in the molecular evolution of plant oxidosqualene cyclases. Eur. J. Biochem. 266 (1999) 302–307. [DOI] [PMID: 10542078]
3.	Segura, M.J., Meyer, M.M. and Matsuda, S.P. Arabidopsis thaliana LUP1 converts oxidosqualene to multiple triterpene alcohols and a triterpene diol. Org. Lett. 2 (2000) 2257–2259. [DOI] [PMID: 10930257]
4.	Zhang, H., Shibuya, M., Yokota, S. and Ebizuka, Y. Oxidosqualene cyclases from cell suspension cultures of Betula platyphylla var. japonica: molecular evolution of oxidosqualene cyclases in higher plants. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 26 (2003) 642–650. [PMID: 12736505]
5.	Hayashi, H., Huang, P., Takada, S., Obinata, M., Inoue, K., Shibuya, M. and Ebizuka, Y. Differential expression of three oxidosqualene cyclase mRNAs in Glycyrrhiza glabra. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 27 (2004) 1086–1092. [PMID: 15256745]
6.	Guhling, O., Hobl, B., Yeats, T. and Jetter, R. Cloning and characterization of a lupeol synthase involved in the synthesis of epicuticular wax crystals on stem and hypocotyl surfaces of Ricinus communis. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 448 (2006) 60–72. [DOI] [PMID: 16445885]
7.	Basyuni, M., Oku, H., Tsujimoto, E., Kinjo, K., Baba, S. and Takara, K. Triterpene synthases from the Okinawan mangrove tribe, Rhizophoraceae. FEBS J. 274 (2007) 5028–5042. [DOI] [PMID: 17803686]

[EC 5.4.99.41 created 2011]