The Enzyme Database

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EC 4.6.1.19     
Accepted name: ribonuclease T2
Reaction: RNA + H2O = an [RNA fragment]-3′-nucleoside-3′-phosphate + a 5′-hydroxy-ribonucleotide-3′-[RNA fragment] (overall reaction)
(1a) RNA = an [RNA fragment]-3′-nucleoside-2′,3′-cyclophosphate + a 5′-hydroxy-ribonucleotide-3′-[RNA fragment]
(1b) an [RNA fragment]-3′-nucleoside-2′,3′-cyclophosphate + H2O = an [RNA fragment]-3′-nucleoside-3′-phosphate
Other name(s): ribonuclease II; base-non-specific ribonuclease; nonbase-specific RNase; RNase (non-base specific); non-base specific ribonuclease; nonspecific RNase; RNase Ms; RNase M; RNase II; Escherichia coli ribonuclease II; ribonucleate nucleotido-2′-transferase (cyclizing); acid ribonuclease; RNAase CL; Escherichia coli ribonuclease I′ ribonuclease PP2; ribonuclease N2; ribonuclease M; acid RNase; ribonnuclease (non-base specific); ribonuclease (non-base specific); RNase T2; ribonuclease PP3; ribonucleate 3′-oligonucleotide hydrolase; ribonuclease U4
Systematic name: [RNA] 5′-hydroxy-ribonucleotide-3′-[RNA fragment]-lyase (cyclicizing; [RNA fragment]-3′- nucleoside-2′,3′-cyclophosphate-forming and hydrolysing)
Comments: A widely distributed family of related enzymes found in protozoans, plants, bacteria, animals and viruses that cleave ssRNA 3′-phosphate group with little base specificity. The enzyme catalyses a two-stage endonucleolytic cleavage. The first reaction produces 5′-hydroxy-phosphooligonucletides and 3′-phosphooligonucleotides ending with a 2′,3′-cyclic phosphodiester, which are released from the enzyme. The enzyme then hydrolyses the cyclic products in a second reaction that takes place only when all the susceptible 3′,5′-phosphodiester bonds have been cyclised. The second reaction is a reversal of the first reaction using the hydroxyl group of water instead of the 5′-hydroxyl group of ribose. The overall process is that of a phosphorus-oxygen lyase followed by hydrolysis to form the 3′-nucleotides.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, Gene, GTD, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 37278-25-4
References:
1.  Garcia-Segura, J.M., Orozco, M.M., Fominaya, J.M. and Gavilanes, J.G. Purification, molecular and enzymic characterization of an acid RNase from the insect Ceratitis capitata. Eur. J. Biochem. 158 (1986) 367–372. [DOI] [PMID: 3732273]
2.  Heppel, L.A. Pig liver nuclei ribonuclease. In: Cantoni, G.L. and Davies, D.R. (Ed.), Procedures in Nucleic Acid Research, Procedures in Nucleic Acid Research, New York, 1966, pp. 31–36.
3.  Reddi, K.K. and Mauser, L.J. Studies on the formation of tobacco mosaic virus ribonucleic acid. VI. Mode of degradation of host ribonucleic acid to ribonucleosides and their conversion to ribonucleoside 5′-phosphates. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 53 (1965) 607–613. [PMID: 14338240]
4.  Uchida, I. and Egami, F. The specificity of ribonuclease T2. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 61 (1967) 44–53. [PMID: 6048969]
5.  Irie, M. and Ohgi, K. Ribonuclease T2. Methods Enzymol. 341 (2001) 42–55. [PMID: 11582795]
6.  Luhtala, N. and Parker, R. T2 Family ribonucleases: ancient enzymes with diverse roles. Trends Biochem. Sci. 35 (2010) 253–259. [PMID: 20189811]
[EC 4.6.1.19 created 1972 as EC 3.1.4.23, transferred 1978 to EC 3.1.27.1, modified 1981, transferred 2018 to EC 4.6.1.19]
 
 


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