ExplorEnz: EC 4.3.3.9

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4.3.3.9

Accepted name:

indigoidine synthase

Reaction:

2 ATP + 2 L-glutamine + O₂ + 2 FMN = 2 AMP + 2 diphosphate + indigoidine + 2 H₂O + 2 FMNH₂ (overall reaction)
(1a) 2 ATP + 2 L-glutamine + 2 FMN = 2 AMP + 2 diphosphate + 2 3-amino-1,5-dihydropyridine-2,6-dione + FMNH₂
(1b) 2 3-amino-1,5-dihydropyridine-2,6-dione + O₂ = indigoidine + 2 H₂O (spontaneous)

Glossary:

indigoidine = 3-(5-amino-2-hydroxy-6-oxo-1H-pyridin-3-yl)-5-iminopyridine-2,6-dione

Other name(s):

bspA (gene name)

Systematic name:

L-glutamine oxidoreductase/cyclase (3-amino-1,5-dihydropyridine-2,6-dione-forming)

Comments:

The enzyme, found in a number of bacterial strains, is a non-ribosomal peptide synthase (NRPS). The enzyme forms 3-amino-1,5-dihydropyridine-2,6-dione, which undergoes spontaneous oxidation to form the blue pigment indigoidine.

Links to other databases:

BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc

References:

1.	Reverchon, S., Rouanet, C., Expert, D. and Nasser, W. Characterization of indigoidine biosynthetic genes in Erwinia chrysanthemi and role of this blue pigment in pathogenicity. J. Bacteriol. 184 (2002) 654–665. [DOI] [PMID: 11790734]
2.	Takahashi, H., Kumagai, T., Kitani, K., Mori, M., Matoba, Y. and Sugiyama, M. Cloning and characterization of a Streptomyces single module type non-ribosomal peptide synthetase catalyzing a blue pigment synthesis. J. Biol. Chem. 282 (2007) 9073–9081. [DOI] [PMID: 17237222]
3.	Walsh, C.T. and Wencewicz, T.A. Flavoenzymes: versatile catalysts in biosynthetic pathways. Nat. Prod. Rep. 30 (2013) 175–200. [DOI] [PMID: 23051833]

[EC 4.3.3.9 created 2024]