ExplorEnz: EC 4.1.3.24

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4.1.3.24

Accepted name:

malyl-CoA lyase

Reaction:

(1) (S)-malyl-CoA = acetyl-CoA + glyoxylate
(2) (2R,3S)-2-methylmalyl-CoA = propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate

For diagram of the 3-hydroxypropanoate cycle, click here

Glossary:

(S)-malyl-CoA = (3S)-3-carboxy-3-hydroxypropanoyl-CoA
(2R,3S)-2-methylmalyl-CoA = L-erythro-β-methylmalyl-CoA = (2R,3S)-2-methyl-3-carboxy-3-hydroxypropanoyl-CoA

Other name(s):

malyl-coenzyme A lyase; (3S)-3-carboxy-3-hydroxypropanoyl-CoA glyoxylate-lyase; mclA (gene name); mcl1 (gene name); (3S)-3-carboxy-3-hydroxypropanoyl-CoA glyoxylate-lyase (acetyl-CoA-forming); L-malyl-CoA lyase

Systematic name:

(S)-malyl-CoA glyoxylate-lyase (acetyl-CoA-forming)

Comments:

The enzymes from Rhodobacter species catalyse a step in the ethylmalonyl-CoA pathway for acetate assimilation [3,5]. The enzyme from halophilic bacteria participate in the methylaspartate cycle and catalyse the reaction in the direction of malyl-CoA formation [6]. The enzyme from the bacterium Chloroflexus aurantiacus, which participates in the 3-hydroxypropanoate cycle for carbon assimilation, also has the activity of EC 4.1.3.25, (3S)-citramalyl-CoA lyase [2,4].

Links to other databases:

BRENDA, EXPASY, Gene, GTD, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 37290-67-8

References:

1.	Tuboi, S. and Kikuchi, G. Enzymic cleavage of malyl-Coenzyme A into acetyl-Coenzyme A and glyoxylic acid. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 96 (1965) 148–153. [DOI] [PMID: 14285256]
2.	Herter, S., Busch, A. and Fuchs, G. L-Malyl-coenzyme A lyase/β-methylmalyl-coenzyme A lyase from Chloroflexus aurantiacus, a bifunctional enzyme involved in autotrophic CO₂ fixation. J. Bacteriol. 184 (2002) 5999–6006. [DOI] [PMID: 12374834]
3.	Meister, M., Saum, S., Alber, B.E. and Fuchs, G. L-Malyl-coenzyme A/β-methylmalyl-coenzyme A lyase is involved in acetate assimilation of the isocitrate lyase-negative bacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus. J. Bacteriol. 187 (2005) 1415–1425. [DOI] [PMID: 15687206]
4.	Friedmann, S., Alber, B.E. and Fuchs, G. Properties of R-citramalyl-coenzyme A lyase and its role in the autotrophic 3-hydroxypropionate cycle of Chloroflexus aurantiacus. J. Bacteriol. 189 (2007) 2906–2914. [DOI] [PMID: 17259315]
5.	Erb, T.J., Frerichs-Revermann, L., Fuchs, G. and Alber, B.E. The apparent malate synthase activity of Rhodobacter sphaeroides is due to two paralogous enzymes, (3S)-malyl-coenzyme A (CoA)/β-methylmalyl-CoA lyase and (3S)-malyl-CoA thioesterase. J. Bacteriol. 192 (2010) 1249–1258. [DOI] [PMID: 20047909]
6.	Borjian, F., Han, J., Hou, J., Xiang, H., Zarzycki, J. and Berg, I.A. Malate Synthase and β-Methylmalyl Coenzyme A Lyase Reactions in the Methylaspartate Cycle in Haloarcula hispanica. J. Bacteriol. 199 (2017) . [DOI] [PMID: 27920298]

[EC 4.1.3.24 created 1972, modified 2014]