ExplorEnz: EC 1.14.14.178

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1.14.14.178

Accepted name:

steroid 22S-hydroxylase

Reaction:

(1) a C₂₇-steroid + O₂ + [reduced NADPH—hemoprotein reductase] = a (22S)-22-hydroxy-C₂₇-steroid + 2 H₂O + [oxidized NADPH—hemoprotein reductase]
(2) a C₂₈-steroid + O₂ + [reduced NADPH—hemoprotein reductase] = a (22S)-22-hydroxy-C₂₈-steroid + 2 H₂O + [oxidized NADPH—hemoprotein reductase]
(3) a C₂₉-steroid + O₂ + [reduced NADPH—hemoprotein reductase] = a (22S)-22-hydroxy-C₂₉-steroid + 2 H₂O + [oxidized NADPH—hemoprotein reductase]

Other name(s):

CYP90B1 (gene name); DWF4 (gene name); steroid C-22 hydroxylase

Systematic name:

steroid,NADPH—hemoprotein reductase:oxygen 22S-oxidoreductase (hydroxylating)

Comments:

This plant cytochrome P-450 (heme thiolate) enzyme participates in the biosynthesis of brassinosteroids. While in vivo substrates include C₂₈-steroids such as campestanol, campesterol, and 6-oxocampestanol, the enzyme is able to catalyse the C-22 hydroxylation of a variety of C₂₇, C₂₈ and C₂₉ steroids.

Links to other databases:

BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc

References:

1.	Asami, T., Mizutani, M., Fujioka, S., Goda, H., Min, Y.K., Shimada, Y., Nakano, T., Takatsuto, S., Matsuyama, T., Nagata, N., Sakata, K. and Yoshida, S. Selective interaction of triazole derivatives with DWF4, a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase of the brassinosteroid biosynthetic pathway, correlates with brassinosteroid deficiency in planta. J. Biol. Chem. 276 (2001) 25687–25691. [DOI] [PMID: 11319239]
2.	Choe, S., Fujioka, S., Noguchi, T., Takatsuto, S., Yoshida, S. and Feldmann, K.A. Overexpression of DWARF4 in the brassinosteroid biosynthetic pathway results in increased vegetative growth and seed yield in Arabidopsis. Plant J. 26 (2001) 573–582. [DOI] [PMID: 11489171]
3.	Asami, T., Mizutani, M., Shimada, Y., Goda, H., Kitahata, N., Sekimata, K., Han, S.Y., Fujioka, S., Takatsuto, S., Sakata, K. and Yoshida, S. Triadimefon, a fungicidal triazole-type P450 inhibitor, induces brassinosteroid deficiency-like phenotypes in plants and binds to DWF4 protein in the brassinosteroid biosynthesis pathway. Biochem. J. 369 (2003) 71–76. [DOI] [PMID: 12350224]
4.	Fujita, S., Ohnishi, T., Watanabe, B., Yokota, T., Takatsuto, S., Fujioka, S., Yoshida, S., Sakata, K. and Mizutani, M. Arabidopsis CYP90B1 catalyses the early C-22 hydroxylation of C₂₇, C₂₈ and C₂₉ sterols. Plant J. 45 (2006) 765–774. [DOI] [PMID: 16460510]
5.	Ohnishi, T., Watanabe, B., Sakata, K. and Mizutani, M. CYP724B2 and CYP90B3 function in the early C-22 hydroxylation steps of brassinosteroid biosynthetic pathway in tomato. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 70 (2006) 2071–2080. [DOI] [PMID: 16960392]

[EC 1.14.14.178 created 2022]