EC |
1.14.14.17 |
Accepted name: |
squalene monooxygenase |
Reaction: |
squalene + [reduced NADPH—hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = (3S)-2,3-epoxy-2,3-dihydrosqualene + [oxidized NADPH—hemoprotein reductase] + H2O |
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For diagram of α-onocerin biosynthesis, click here and for diagram of triterpenoid biosynthesis, click here |
Other name(s): |
squalene epoxidase; squalene-2,3-epoxide cyclase; squalene 2,3-oxidocyclase; squalene hydroxylase; squalene oxydocyclase; squalene-2,3-epoxidase |
Systematic name: |
squalene,NADPH—hemoprotein:oxygen oxidoreductase (2,3-epoxidizing) |
Comments: |
A flavoprotein (FAD). This enzyme, together with EC 5.4.99.7, lanosterol synthase, was formerly known as squalene oxidocyclase. The electron donor is EC 1.6.2.4, NADPH—hemoprotein reductase [5,7]. |
Links to other databases: |
BRENDA, EXPASY, Gene, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 9029-62-3 |
References: |
1. |
Corey, E.J., Russey, W.E. and Ortiz de Montellano, P.R. 2,3-Oxidosqualene, an intermediate in the biological synthesis of sterols from squalene. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 88 (1966) 4750–4751. [PMID: 5918046] |
2. |
Tchen, T.T. and Bloch, K. On the conversion of squalene to lanosterol in vitro. J. Biol. Chem. 226 (1957) 921–930. [PMID: 13438881] |
3. |
van Tamelen, E.E., Willett, J.D., Clayton, R.B. and Lord, K.E. Enzymic conversion of squalene 2,3-oxide to lanosterol and cholesterol. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 88 (1966) 4752–4754. [PMID: 5918048] |
4. |
Yamamoto, S. and Bloch, K. Studies on squalene epoxidase of rat liver. J. Biol. Chem. 245 (1970) 1670–1674. [PMID: 5438357] |
5. |
Ono, T. and Bloch, K. Solubilization and partial characterization of rat liver squalene epoxidase. J. Biol. Chem. 250 (1975) 1571–1579. [PMID: 234459] |
6. |
Satoh, T., Horie, M., Watanabe, H., Tsuchiya, Y. and Kamei, T. Enzymatic properties of squalene epoxidase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 16 (1993) 349–352. [PMID: 8358382] |
7. |
Chugh, A., Ray, A. and Gupta, J.B. Squalene epoxidase as hypocholesterolemic drug target revisited. Prog. Lipid Res. 42 (2003) 37–50. [DOI] [PMID: 12467639] |
8. |
He, F., Zhu, Y., He, M. and Zhang, Y. Molecular cloning and characterization of the gene encoding squalene epoxidase in Panax notoginseng. DNA Seq 19 (2008) 270–273. [DOI] [PMID: 17852349] |
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[EC 1.14.14.17 created 1961 as EC 1.99.1.13, transferred 1965 to EC 1.14.1.3, part transferred 1972 to EC 1.14.99.7, transferred 2011 to EC 1.14.13.132, transferred 2015 to EC 1.14.14.17] |
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