| EC |
1.14.13.178 |
| Accepted name: |
methylxanthine N1-demethylase |
| Reaction: |
(1) caffeine + O2 + NAD(P)H + H+ = theobromine + NAD(P)+ + H2O + formaldehyde
(2) theophylline + O2 + NAD(P)H + H+ = 3-methylxanthine + NAD(P)+ + H2O + formaldehyde
(3) paraxanthine + O2 + NAD(P)H + H+ = 7-methylxanthine + NAD(P)+ + H2O + formaldehyde |
| Glossary: |
caffeine = 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine
theobromine = 3,7-dimethylxanthine
theophylline = 1,3-dimethylxanthine
paraxanthine = 1,7-dimethylxanthine
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| Other name(s): |
ndmA (gene name) |
| Systematic name: |
caffeine:oxygen oxidoreductase (N1-demethylating) |
| Comments: |
A non-heme iron oxygenase. The enzyme from the bacterium Pseudomonas putida shares an NAD(P)H-FMN reductase subunit with EC 1.14.13.179, methylxanthine N3-demethylase, and has a 5-fold higher activity with NADH than with NADPH [2]. Also demethylate 1-methylxantine with lower efficiency. Forms part of the degradation pathway of methylxanthines. |
| References: |
| 1. |
Summers, R.M., Louie, T.M., Yu, C.L. and Subramanian, M. Characterization of a broad-specificity non-haem iron N-demethylase from Pseudomonas putida CBB5 capable of utilizing several purine alkaloids as sole carbon and nitrogen source. Microbiology 157 (2011) 583–592. [PMID: 20966097] |
| 2. |
Summers, R.M., Louie, T.M., Yu, C.L., Gakhar, L., Louie, K.C. and Subramanian, M. Novel, highly specific N-demethylases enable bacteria to live on caffeine and related purine alkaloids. J. Bacteriol. 194 (2012) 2041–2049. [PMID: 22328667] |
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| [EC 1.14.13.178 created 2013] |
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