The Enzyme Database

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EC 1.1.1.291     
Accepted name: 2-hydroxymethylglutarate dehydrogenase
Reaction: (S)-2-hydroxymethylglutarate + NAD+ = 2-formylglutarate + NADH + H+
For diagram of nicotinate catabolism, click here
Other name(s): HgD
Systematic name: (S)-2-hydroxymethylglutarate:NAD+ oxidoreductase
Comments: NADP+ cannot replace NAD+. Forms part of the nicotinate-fermentation catabolism pathway in Eubacterium barkeri. Other enzymes involved in this pathway are EC 1.17.1.5 (nicotinate dehydrogenase), EC 1.3.7.1 (6-hydroxynicotinate reductase), EC 3.5.2.18 (enamidase), EC 5.4.99.4 (2-methyleneglutarate mutase), EC 5.3.3.6 (methylitaconate Δ-isomerase), EC 4.2.1.85 (dimethylmaleate hydratase) and EC 4.1.3.32 (2,3-dimethylmalate lyase).
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 1073478-76-8
References:
1.  Alhapel, A., Darley, D.J., Wagener, N., Eckel, E., Elsner, N. and Pierik, A.J. Molecular and functional analysis of nicotinate catabolism in Eubacterium barkeri. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103 (2006) 12341–12346. [DOI] [PMID: 16894175]
[EC 1.1.1.291 created 2006]
 
 
EC 3.5.2.18     
Accepted name: enamidase
Reaction: 6-oxo-1,4,5,6-tetrahydronicotinate + 2 H2O = 2-formylglutarate + NH3
For diagram of nicotinate catabolism, click here
Systematic name: 6-oxo-1,4,5,6-tetrahydronicotinate amidohydrolase
Comments: Contains iron and Zn2+. Forms part of the nicotinate-fermentation catabolism pathway in Eubacterium barkeri. Other enzymes involved in this pathway are EC 1.17.1.5 (nicotinate dehydrogenase), EC 1.3.7.1 (6-hydroxynicotinate reductase), EC 1.1.1.291 (2-hydroxymethylglutarate dehydrogenase), EC 5.4.99.4 (2-methyleneglutarate mutase), EC 5.3.3.6 (methylitaconate Δ-isomerase), EC 4.2.1.85 (dimethylmaleate hydratase) and EC 4.1.3.32 (2,3-dimethylmalate lyase).
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB
References:
1.  Alhapel, A., Darley, D.J., Wagener, N., Eckel, E., Elsner, N. and Pierik, A.J. Molecular and functional analysis of nicotinate catabolism in Eubacterium barkeri. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103 (2006) 12341–12346. [DOI] [PMID: 16894175]
[EC 3.5.2.18 created 2006]
 
 
EC 5.3.3.6     
Accepted name: methylitaconate Δ-isomerase
Reaction: methylitaconate = 2,3-dimethylmaleate
For diagram of nicotinate catabolism, click here
Glossary: methylitaconate = 2-methylene-3-methylsuccinate
Other name(s): methylitaconate isomerase
Systematic name: methylitaconate Δ23-isomerase
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, GTD, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 9059-08-9
References:
1.  Kung, H.-F. and Stadtman, T.C. Nicotinic acid metabolism. VI. Purification and properties of α-methyleneglutarate mutase (B12-dependent) and methylitaconate isomerase. J. Biol. Chem. 246 (1971) 3378–3388. [PMID: 5574401]
[EC 5.3.3.6 created 1972]
 
 
EC 5.4.99.4     
Accepted name: 2-methyleneglutarate mutase
Reaction: 2-methyleneglutarate = 2-methylene-3-methylsuccinate
For diagram of nicotinate catabolism, click here
Other name(s): α-methyleneglutarate mutase
Systematic name: 2-methyleneglutarate carboxy-methylenemethylmutase
Comments: Requires a cobamide cofactor.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, GTD, KEGG, MetaCyc, CAS registry number: 9059-10-3
References:
1.  Kung, H.-F., Cederbaum, S., Tsai, L. and Stadtman, T.C. Nicotinic acid metabolism. V. A cobamide coenzyme-dependent conversion of α-methyleneglutaric acid to dimethylmaleic acid. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 65 (1970) 978–984. [DOI] [PMID: 5266166]
2.  Kung, H.-F. and Stadtman, T.C. Nicotinic acid metabolism. VI. Purification and properties of α-methyleneglutarate mutase (B12-dependent) and methylitaconate isomerase. J. Biol. Chem. 246 (1971) 3378–3388. [PMID: 5574401]
[EC 5.4.99.4 created 1972]
 
 


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