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Your query returned 25 entries. Printable version
EC | 1.1.1.41 | ||||||||||||||||||
Accepted name: | isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD+) | ||||||||||||||||||
Reaction: | isocitrate + NAD+ = 2-oxoglutarate + CO2 + NADH | ||||||||||||||||||
For diagram of the citric-acid cycle, click here | |||||||||||||||||||
Glossary: | isocitrate = (1R,2S)-1-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate (previously known as threo-Ds-isocitrate) | ||||||||||||||||||
Other name(s): | isocitric dehydrogenase; β-ketoglutaric-isocitric carboxylase; isocitric acid dehydrogenase; NAD dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase; NAD isocitrate dehydrogenase; NAD-linked isocitrate dehydrogenase; NAD-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase; NAD isocitric dehydrogenase; isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD); IDH (ambiguous); nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide isocitrate dehydrogenase | ||||||||||||||||||
Systematic name: | isocitrate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating) | ||||||||||||||||||
Comments: | Requires Mn2+ or Mg2+ for activity. Unlike EC 1.1.1.42, isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP+), oxalosuccinate cannot be used as a substrate. In eukaryotes, isocitrate dehydrogenase exists in two forms: an NAD+-linked enzyme found only in mitochondria and displaying allosteric properties, and a non-allosteric, NADP+-linked enzyme that is found in both mitochondria and cytoplasm [7]. The enzyme from some species can also use NADP+ but much more slowly [9]. | ||||||||||||||||||
Links to other databases: | BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 9001-58-5 | ||||||||||||||||||
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EC | 1.1.1.42 | ||||||||||||||||||
Accepted name: | isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP+) | ||||||||||||||||||
Reaction: | isocitrate + NADP+ = 2-oxoglutarate + CO2 + NADPH + H+ (overall reaction) (1a) isocitrate + NADP+ = oxalosuccinate + NADPH + H+ (1b) oxalosuccinate = 2-oxoglutarate + CO2 |
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For diagram of the citric-acid cycle, click here | |||||||||||||||||||
Glossary: | isocitrate = (1R,2S)-1-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate (previously known as threo-Ds-isocitrate) oxalosuccinate = 1-oxopropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate |
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Other name(s): | oxalosuccinate decarboxylase; oxalsuccinic decarboxylase; isocitrate (NADP) dehydrogenase; isocitrate (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) dehydrogenase; NADP-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase; NADP-linked isocitrate dehydrogenase; NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase; NADP isocitric dehydrogenase; isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP-dependent); NADP-dependent isocitric dehydrogenase; triphosphopyridine nucleotide-linked isocitrate dehydrogenase-oxalosuccinate carboxylase; NADP+-linked isocitrate dehydrogenase; IDH (ambiguous); dual-cofactor-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase; NADP+-ICDH; NADP+-IDH; IDP; IDP1; IDP2; IDP3 | ||||||||||||||||||
Systematic name: | isocitrate:NADP+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating) | ||||||||||||||||||
Comments: | Requires Mn2+ or Mg2+ for activity. Unlike EC 1.1.1.41, isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD+), oxalosuccinate can be used as a substrate. In eukaryotes, isocitrate dehydrogenase exists in two forms: an NAD+-linked enzyme found only in mitochondria and displaying allosteric properties, and a non-allosteric, NADP+-linked enzyme that is found in both mitochondria and cytoplasm [6]. The enzyme from some species can also use NAD+ but much more slowly [6,7]. | ||||||||||||||||||
Links to other databases: | BRENDA, EXPASY, GTD, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 9028-48-2 | ||||||||||||||||||
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EC | 1.1.1.87 | ||||||||||||||||||
Accepted name: | homoisocitrate dehydrogenase | ||||||||||||||||||
Reaction: | (1R,2S)-1-hydroxybutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylate + NAD+ = 2-oxoadipate + CO2 + NADH + H+ | ||||||||||||||||||
For diagram of l-lysine synthesis, click here | |||||||||||||||||||
Glossary: | homoisocitrate = (-)-threo-homoisocitrate = (1R,2S)-1-hydroxybutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylate | ||||||||||||||||||
Other name(s): | 2-hydroxy-3-carboxyadipate dehydrogenase; 3-carboxy-2-hydroxyadipate dehydrogenase; homoisocitric dehydrogenase; (-)-1-hydroxy-1,2,4-butanetricarboxylate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating); 3-carboxy-2-hydroxyadipate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating); HICDH | ||||||||||||||||||
Systematic name: | (1R,2S)-1-hydroxybutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating) | ||||||||||||||||||
Comments: | Forms part of the lysine biosynthesis pathway in fungi [3]. | ||||||||||||||||||
Links to other databases: | BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 9067-90-7 | ||||||||||||||||||
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EC | 1.1.1.155 | ||||||||||||||||||
Deleted entry: | homoisocitrate dehydrogenase. The enzyme is identical to EC 1.1.1.87, homoisocitrate dehydrogenase | ||||||||||||||||||
EC | 1.1.1.286 | ||||||||||||||||||
Accepted name: | isocitrate—homoisocitrate dehydrogenase | ||||||||||||||||||
Reaction: | (1) isocitrate + NAD+ = 2-oxoglutarate + CO2 + NADH (2) (1R,2S)-1-hydroxybutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylate + NAD+ = 2-oxoadipate + CO2 + NADH + H+ |
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Glossary: | isocitrate = (1R,2S)-1-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate (previously known as threo-Ds-isocitrate) homoisocitrate = (-)-threo-homoisocitrate = (1R,2S)-1-hydroxybutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylate |
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Other name(s): | homoisocitrate—isocitrate dehydrogenase; PH1722 | ||||||||||||||||||
Systematic name: | isocitrate(homoisocitrate):NAD+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating) | ||||||||||||||||||
Comments: | Requires Mn2+ and K+ or NH4+ for activity. Unlike EC 1.1.1.41, isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD+) and EC 1.1.1.87, homoisocitrate dehydrogenase, this enzyme, from Pyrococcus horikoshii, can use both isocitrate and homoisocitrate as substrates. The enzyme may play a role in both the lysine and glutamate biosynthesis pathways. | ||||||||||||||||||
Links to other databases: | BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB | ||||||||||||||||||
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EC | 2.1.1.144 | ||||||||||||||||||
Accepted name: | trans-aconitate 2-methyltransferase | ||||||||||||||||||
Reaction: | S-adenosyl-L-methionine + trans-aconitate = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + (E)-3-(methoxycarbonyl)pent-2-enedioate | ||||||||||||||||||
For diagram of reaction, click here | |||||||||||||||||||
Glossary: | trans-aconitate = (E)-prop-1-ene-1,2,3-tricarboxylate | ||||||||||||||||||
Systematic name: | S-adenosyl-L-methionine:(E)-prop-1-ene-1,2,3-tricarboxylate 2′-O-methyltransferase | ||||||||||||||||||
Comments: | Also catalyses the formation of the methyl monoester of cis-aconitate, isocitrate and citrate, but more slowly. While the enzyme from Escherichia coli forms (E)-3-(methoxycarbonyl)-pent-2-enedioate as the product, that from Saccharomyces cerevisiae forms (E)-2-(methoxycarbonylmethyl)butenedioate and is therefore classified as a separate enzyme (cf. EC 2.1.1.145, trans-aconitate 3-methyltransferase). | ||||||||||||||||||
Links to other databases: | BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 235107-12-7 | ||||||||||||||||||
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EC | 2.1.1.145 | ||||||||||||||||||
Accepted name: | trans-aconitate 3-methyltransferase | ||||||||||||||||||
Reaction: | S-adenosyl-L-methionine + trans-aconitate = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + (E)-2-(methoxycarbonylmethyl)butenedioate | ||||||||||||||||||
For diagram of reaction, click here | |||||||||||||||||||
Glossary: | trans-aconitate = (E)-prop-1-ene-1,2,3-tricarboxylate | ||||||||||||||||||
Systematic name: | S-adenosyl-L-methionine:(E)-prop-1-ene-1,2,3-tricarboxylate 3′-O-methyltransferase | ||||||||||||||||||
Comments: | Also catalyses the formation of the methyl monoester of cis-aconitate, isocitrate and citrate, but more slowly. While the enzyme from Saccharomyces cerevisiae forms (E)-2-(methoxycarbonylmethyl)butenedioate as the product, that from Escherichia coli forms (E)-3-(methoxycarbonyl)-pent-2-enedioate and is therefore classified as a separate enzyme (cf. EC 2.1.1.144, trans-aconitate 2-methyltransferase) | ||||||||||||||||||
Links to other databases: | BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 235107-12-7 | ||||||||||||||||||
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EC | 2.3.1.126 | ||||||||||||||||||
Accepted name: | isocitrate O-dihydroxycinnamoyltransferase | ||||||||||||||||||
Reaction: | caffeoyl-CoA + isocitrate = CoA + 2-O-caffeoylisocitrate | ||||||||||||||||||
Glossary: | 2-O-caffeoylisocitrate = (1R,2S)-1-{[3-(E)-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acryloyl]oxy}propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate = (3S,4R)-3-carboxy-2,3-dideoxy-4-O-[(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]pentarate isocitrate = (1R,2S)-1-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate = threo-Ds-isocitrate |
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Systematic name: | caffeoyl-CoA:isocitrate 2-O-(3,4-dihydroxycinnamoyl)transferase | ||||||||||||||||||
Comments: | Feruloyl-CoA and 4-coumaroyl-CoA can also act as donors. | ||||||||||||||||||
Links to other databases: | BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, CAS registry number: 112352-88-2 | ||||||||||||||||||
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EC | 2.7.1.37 | ||||||||||||||||||
Transferred entry: | protein kinase. Now divided into EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase), EC 2.7.11.8 (Fas-activated serine/threonine kinase), EC 2.7.11.9 (Goodpasture-antigen-binding protein kinase), EC 2.7.11.10 (IκB kinase), EC 2.7.11.11 (cAMP-dependent protein kinase), EC 2.7.11.12 (cGMP-dependent protein kinase), EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C), EC 2.7.11.21 (polo kinase), EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase), EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase), EC 2.7.11.25 (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase), EC 2.7.11.30 (receptor protein serine/threonine kinase) and EC 2.7.12.1 (dual-specificity kinase) | ||||||||||||||||||
EC | 2.7.1.116 | ||||||||||||||||||
Transferred entry: | [isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP+)] kinase. Now EC 2.7.11.5, [isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP+)] kinase | ||||||||||||||||||
EC | 2.7.11.5 | ||||||||||||||||||
Accepted name: | [isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP+)] kinase | ||||||||||||||||||
Reaction: | ATP + [isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP+)] = ADP + [isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP+)] phosphate | ||||||||||||||||||
Other name(s): | [isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP)] kinase; ICDH kinase/phosphatase; IDH kinase; IDH kinase/phosphatase; IDH-K/P; IDHK/P; isocitrate dehydrogenase kinase (phosphorylating); isocitrate dehydrogenase kinase/phosphatase; STK3 | ||||||||||||||||||
Systematic name: | ATP:[isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP+)] phosphotransferase | ||||||||||||||||||
Comments: | The enzyme has no activating compound but is specific for its substrate. Phosphorylates and inactivates EC 1.1.1.42, isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP+). | ||||||||||||||||||
Links to other databases: | BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 83682-93-3 | ||||||||||||||||||
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EC | 3.11.1.3 | ||||||||||||||||||
Accepted name: | phosphonopyruvate hydrolase | ||||||||||||||||||
Reaction: | 3-phosphonopyruvate + H2O = pyruvate + phosphate | ||||||||||||||||||
For diagram of phosphonate metabolism, click here | |||||||||||||||||||
Other name(s): | PPH | ||||||||||||||||||
Comments: | Highly specific for phosphonopyruvate as substrate [2]. The reaction is not inhibited by phosphate but is inhibited by the phosphonates phosphonoformic acid, hydroxymethylphosphonic acid and 3-phosphonopropanoic acid [2]. The enzyme is activated by the divalent cations Co2+, Mg2+ and Mn2+. This enzyme is a member of the phosphoenolpyruvate mutase/isocitrate lyase superfamily [3]. | ||||||||||||||||||
Links to other databases: | BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB | ||||||||||||||||||
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EC | 4.1.1.112 | ||||||||||||||||||
Accepted name: | oxaloacetate decarboxylase | ||||||||||||||||||
Reaction: | oxaloacetate = pyruvate + CO2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other name(s): | oxaloacetate β-decarboxylase; oxalacetic acid decarboxylase; oxalate β-decarboxylase; oxaloacetate carboxy-lyase | ||||||||||||||||||
Systematic name: | oxaloacetate carboxy-lyase (pyruvate-forming) | ||||||||||||||||||
Comments: | Requires a divalent metal cation. The enzymes from the fish Gadus morhua (Atlantic cod) and the bacterium Micrococcus luteus prefer Mn2+, while those from the bacteria Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas aeruginosa prefer Mg2+. Unlike EC 7.2.4.2 [oxaloacetate decarboxylase (Na+ extruding)], there is no evidence of the enzyme’s involvement in Na+ transport. | ||||||||||||||||||
Links to other databases: | BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 9024-98-0 | ||||||||||||||||||
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EC | 4.1.3.1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Accepted name: | isocitrate lyase | ||||||||||||||||||
Reaction: | isocitrate = succinate + glyoxylate | ||||||||||||||||||
For diagram of the glyoxylate cycle, click here | |||||||||||||||||||
Glossary: | isocitrate = (1R,2S)-1-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate (previously known as threo-Ds-isocitrate) | ||||||||||||||||||
Other name(s): | isocitrase; isocitritase; isocitratase; threo-Ds-isocitrate glyoxylate-lyase; isocitrate glyoxylate-lyase | ||||||||||||||||||
Systematic name: | isocitrate glyoxylate-lyase (succinate-forming) | ||||||||||||||||||
Comments: | The isomer of isocitrate involved is (1R,2S)-1-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate [3]. | ||||||||||||||||||
Links to other databases: | BRENDA, EXPASY, GTD, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 9045-78-7 | ||||||||||||||||||
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EC | 4.1.3.24 | ||||||||||||||||||
Accepted name: | malyl-CoA lyase | ||||||||||||||||||
Reaction: | (1) (S)-malyl-CoA = acetyl-CoA + glyoxylate (2) (2R,3S)-2-methylmalyl-CoA = propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate |
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For diagram of the 3-hydroxypropanoate cycle, click here | |||||||||||||||||||
Glossary: | (S)-malyl-CoA = (3S)-3-carboxy-3-hydroxypropanoyl-CoA (2R,3S)-2-methylmalyl-CoA = L-erythro-β-methylmalyl-CoA = (2R,3S)-2-methyl-3-carboxy-3-hydroxypropanoyl-CoA |
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Other name(s): | malyl-coenzyme A lyase; (3S)-3-carboxy-3-hydroxypropanoyl-CoA glyoxylate-lyase; mclA (gene name); mcl1 (gene name); (3S)-3-carboxy-3-hydroxypropanoyl-CoA glyoxylate-lyase (acetyl-CoA-forming); L-malyl-CoA lyase | ||||||||||||||||||
Systematic name: | (S)-malyl-CoA glyoxylate-lyase (acetyl-CoA-forming) | ||||||||||||||||||
Comments: | The enzymes from Rhodobacter species catalyse a step in the ethylmalonyl-CoA pathway for acetate assimilation [3,5]. The enzyme from halophilic bacteria participate in the methylaspartate cycle and catalyse the reaction in the direction of malyl-CoA formation [6]. The enzyme from the bacterium Chloroflexus aurantiacus, which participates in the 3-hydroxypropanoate cycle for carbon assimilation, also has the activity of EC 4.1.3.25, (3S)-citramalyl-CoA lyase [2,4]. | ||||||||||||||||||
Links to other databases: | BRENDA, EXPASY, GTD, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 37290-67-8 | ||||||||||||||||||
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EC | 4.1.3.30 | ||||||||||||||||||
Accepted name: | methylisocitrate lyase | ||||||||||||||||||
Reaction: | (2S,3R)-3-hydroxybutane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate = succinate + pyruvate | ||||||||||||||||||
Glossary: | (2S,3R)-2-methylisocitrate = (2S,3R)-3-hydroxybutane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate = threo-Ds-2-methylisocitrate | ||||||||||||||||||
Other name(s): | 2-methylisocitrate lyase; MICL; (2S,3R)-3-hydroxybutane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate pyruvate-lyase | ||||||||||||||||||
Systematic name: | (2S,3R)-3-hydroxybutane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate pyruvate-lyase (succinate-forming) | ||||||||||||||||||
Comments: | The enzyme acts on threo-Ds-2-methylisocitrate, but not on threo-Ds-isocitrate, threo-DL-isocitrate or erythro-Ls-isocitrate. | ||||||||||||||||||
Links to other databases: | BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 57827-77-7 | ||||||||||||||||||
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EC | 4.2.1.3 | ||||||||||||||||||
Accepted name: | aconitate hydratase | ||||||||||||||||||
Reaction: | citrate = isocitrate (overall reaction) (1a) citrate = cis-aconitate + H2O (1b) cis-aconitate + H2O = isocitrate |
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For diagram of the citric acid cycle, click here and for diagram of the glyoxylate cycle, click here | |||||||||||||||||||
Glossary: | isocitrate = (1R,2S)-1-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate (previously known as threo-Ds-isocitrate) cis-aconitate = (Z)-prop-1-ene-1,2,3-tricarboxylate |
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Other name(s): | cis-aconitase; aconitase; AcnB; 2-methylaconitate hydratase; citrate(isocitrate) hydro-lyase | ||||||||||||||||||
Systematic name: | citrate(isocitrate) hydro-lyase (cis-aconitate-forming) | ||||||||||||||||||
Comments: | Besides interconverting citrate and cis-aconitate, it also interconverts cis-aconitate with isocitrate and, hence, interconverts citrate and isocitrate. The equilibrium mixture is 91% citrate, 6% isocitrate and 3% aconitate. cis-Aconitate is used to designate the isomer (Z)-prop-1-ene-1,2,3-tricarboxylate. An iron-sulfur protein, containing a [4Fe-4S] cluster to which the substrate binds. | ||||||||||||||||||
Links to other databases: | BRENDA, EXPASY, GTD, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 9024-25-3 | ||||||||||||||||||
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EC | 4.2.1.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Deleted entry: | citrate dehydratase. Now known to be a partial reaction catalysed by EC 4.2.1.3, aconitate hydratase. | ||||||||||||||||||
EC | 4.2.1.36 | ||||||||||||||||||
Accepted name: | homoaconitate hydratase | ||||||||||||||||||
Reaction: | (1R,2S)-1-hydroxybutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylate = (Z)-but-1-ene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate + H2O | ||||||||||||||||||
For diagram of l-lysine synthesis, click here | |||||||||||||||||||
Glossary: | cis-homoaconitate = (Z)-but-1-ene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate (R)-homocitrate = (2R)-2-hydroxybutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylate homoisocitrate = (-)-threo-homoisocitrate = (1R,2S)-1-hydroxybutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylate |
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Other name(s): | homoaconitase; cis-homoaconitase; HACN; Lys4; LysF; 2-hydroxybutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylate hydro-lyase (incorrect) | ||||||||||||||||||
Systematic name: | (1R,2S)-1-hydroxybutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylate hydro-lyase [(Z)-but-1-ene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate-forming] | ||||||||||||||||||
Comments: | Requires a [4Fe-4S] cluster for activity. The enzyme from the hyperthermophilic eubacterium Thermus thermophilus can catalyse the reaction shown above but cannot catalyse the previously described reaction, i.e. formation of (R)-homocitrate by hydration of cis-homoaconitate. The enzyme responsible for the conversion of cis-homoaconitate into (R)-homocitrate in T. thermophilus is unknown at present but the reaction can be catalysed in vitro using aconitate hydratase from pig (EC 4.2.1.3) [2]. | ||||||||||||||||||
Links to other databases: | BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 9030-68-6 | ||||||||||||||||||
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EC | 4.2.1.79 | ||||||||||||||||||
Accepted name: | 2-methylcitrate dehydratase | ||||||||||||||||||
Reaction: | (2S,3S)-2-hydroxybutane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate = (Z)-but-2-ene-1,2,3-tricarboxylate + H2O | ||||||||||||||||||
Glossary: | (2S,3S)-2-methylcitrate = (2S,3S)-2-hydroxybutane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate cis-2-methylaconitate = (Z)-but-2-ene-1,2,3-tricarboxylate |
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Other name(s): | 2-methylcitrate hydro-lyase; PrpD; 2-hydroxybutane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate hydro-lyase | ||||||||||||||||||
Systematic name: | (2S,3S)-2-hydroxybutane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate hydro-lyase [(Z)-but-2-ene-1,2,3-tricarboxylate-forming] | ||||||||||||||||||
Comments: | The enzyme is specific for (2S,3S)-methylcitrate, showing no activity with (2R,3S)-methylcitrate [2]. The enzyme can also use cis-aconitate as a substrate but more slowly [2]. Both this enzyme and EC 4.2.1.3, aconitate hydratase, are required to complete the isomerization of (2S,3S)-methylcitrate to (2R,3S)-2-methylisocitrate [2]. | ||||||||||||||||||
Links to other databases: | BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 80891-26-5 | ||||||||||||||||||
References: |
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EC | 4.2.1.99 | ||||||||||||||||||
Accepted name: | 2-methylisocitrate dehydratase | ||||||||||||||||||
Reaction: | (2S,3R)-3-hydroxybutane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate = (Z)-but-2-ene-1,2,3-tricarboxylate + H2O | ||||||||||||||||||
Glossary: | cis-2-methylaconitate = (Z)-but-2-ene-1,2,3-tricarboxylate (2S,3R)-2-methylisocitrate = (2S,3R)-3-hydroxybutane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate = threo-Ds-2-methylisocitrate |
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Other name(s): | (2S,3R)-3-hydroxybutane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate hydro-lyase | ||||||||||||||||||
Systematic name: | (2S,3R)-3-hydroxybutane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate hydro-lyase [(Z)-but-2-ene-1,2,3-tricarboxylate-forming] | ||||||||||||||||||
Comments: | The enzyme from the fungus Yarrowia lipolytica (Saccharomycopsis) does not act on isocitrate. | ||||||||||||||||||
Links to other databases: | BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 170780-51-5 | ||||||||||||||||||
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EC | 4.2.1.114 | ||||||||||||||||||
Accepted name: | methanogen homoaconitase | ||||||||||||||||||
Reaction: | (R)-2-hydroxybutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylate = (1R,2S)-1-hydroxybutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylate (overall reaction) (1a) (R)-2-hydroxybutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylate = (Z)-but-1-ene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate + H2O (1b) (Z)-but-1-ene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate + H2O = (1R,2S)-1-hydroxybutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylate |
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For diagram of the 2-aminoadipate pathway of L-lysine synthesis, click here | |||||||||||||||||||
Glossary: | cis-homoaconitate = (Z)-but-1-ene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate (R)-homocitrate = (R)-2-hydroxybutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylate homoisocitrate = (–)-threo-homoisocitrate = (1R,2S)-1-hydroxybutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylate |
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Other name(s): | methanogen HACN | ||||||||||||||||||
Systematic name: | (R)-2-hydroxybutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylate hydro-lyase [(1R,2S)-1-hydroxybutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylate-forming] | ||||||||||||||||||
Comments: | This enzyme catalyses several reactions in the pathway of coenzyme-B biosynthesis in methanogenic archaea. Requires a [4Fe-4S] cluster for activity. In contrast to EC 4.2.1.36, homoaconitate hydratase, this enzyme can catalyse both the dehydration of (R)-homocitrate to form cis-homoaconitate and the subsequent hydration reaction that forms homoisocitrate. In addition to cis-homoaconitate, the enzyme can also catalyse the hydration of the physiological substrates dihomoaconitate and trihomoaconitate as well as the non-physiological substrate tetrahomoaconitate. cis-Aconitate and threo-DL-isocitrate cannot act as substrates, and (S)-homocitrate and trans-homoaconitate act as inhibitors of the enzyme. | ||||||||||||||||||
Links to other databases: | BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB | ||||||||||||||||||
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EC | 4.2.1.117 | ||||||||||||||||||
Accepted name: | 2-methylcitrate dehydratase (2-methyl-trans-aconitate forming) | ||||||||||||||||||
Reaction: | (2S,3S)-2-methylcitrate = 2-methyl-trans-aconitate + H2O | ||||||||||||||||||
Glossary: | (2S,3S)-2-methylcitrate = (2S,3S)-2-hydroxybutane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate 2-methyl-trans-aconitate = (2E)-but-2-ene-1,2,3-tricarboxylate |
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Systematic name: | (2S,3S)-2-hydroxybutane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate hydro-lyase (2-methyl-trans-aconitate-forming) | ||||||||||||||||||
Comments: | Catalyses the dehydration of (2S,3S)-2-methylcitrate, forming the trans isomer of 2-methyl-aconitate (unlike EC 4.2.1.79, which forms only the cis isomer). Part of a propionate degradation pathway. The enzyme from Shewanella oneidensis can also accept citrate and cis-aconitate, but activity with (2S,3S)-2-methylcitrate was approximately 2.5-fold higher. 2-methylisocitrate and isocitrate were not substrates [1]. An iron-sulfur protein. | ||||||||||||||||||
Links to other databases: | BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc | ||||||||||||||||||
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EC | 5.1.2.6 | ||||||||||||||||||
Accepted name: | isocitrate epimerase | ||||||||||||||||||
Reaction: | (1R,2S)-1-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate = (1S,2S)-1-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate | ||||||||||||||||||
For diagram of reaction, click here | |||||||||||||||||||
Glossary: | isocitrate = (1R,2S)-1-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate = threo-Ds-isocitrate allocitrate = (1S,2S)-1-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate = D-erythro-isocitrate |
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Systematic name: | (1R,2S)-1-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate 1-epimerase | ||||||||||||||||||
Comments: | (1R,2S)-1-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate is the commonly occurring isomer of isocitrate. | ||||||||||||||||||
Links to other databases: | BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, CAS registry number: 81210-68-6 | ||||||||||||||||||
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EC | 6.4.1.7 | ||||||||||||||||||
Accepted name: | 2-oxoglutarate carboxylase | ||||||||||||||||||
Reaction: | ATP + 2-oxoglutarate + HCO3- = ADP + phosphate + oxalosuccinate | ||||||||||||||||||
For diagram of reaction, click here | |||||||||||||||||||
Glossary: | oxalosuccinate = 1-oxopropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate | ||||||||||||||||||
Other name(s): | oxalosuccinate synthetase; carboxylating factor for ICDH (incorrect); CFI; OGC | ||||||||||||||||||
Comments: | A biotin-containing enzyme that requires Mg2+ for activity. It was originally thought [1] that this enzyme was a promoting factor for the carboxylation of 2-oxoglutarate by EC 1.1.1.41, isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD+), but this has since been disproved [2]. The product of the reaction is unstable and is quickly converted into isocitrate by the action of EC 1.1.1.41 [2]. | ||||||||||||||||||
Links to other databases: | BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 60382-75-4 | ||||||||||||||||||
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