The Enzyme Database

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EC 2.7.1.134     
Accepted name: inositol-tetrakisphosphate 1-kinase
Reaction: ATP + 1D-myo-inositol 3,4,5,6-tetrakisphosphate = ADP + 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate
For diagram of myo-inositol-phosphate biosynthesis, click here
Other name(s): 1D-myo-inositol-tetrakisphosphate 1-kinase; inositol-trisphosphate 6-kinase; 1D-myo-inositol-trisphosphate 6-kinase; ATP:1D-myo-inositol-1,3,4-trisphosphate 6-phosphotransferase; inositol-trisphosphate 5-kinase; 1D-myo-inositol-trisphosphate 5-kinase; ATP:1D-myo-inositol-1,3,4-trisphosphate 5-phosphotransferase
Systematic name: ATP:1D-myo-inositol-3,4,5,6-tetrakisphosphate 1-phosphotransferase
Comments: This enzyme also phosphorylates Ins(1,3,4)P3 on O-5 and O-6. The phosphotransfer from ATP to either inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate or inositol 3,4,5,6-tetrakisphosphate appears to be freely reversible to the extent that the enzyme can act like an inositol polyphosphate phosphatase in the presence of ADP. It can also catalyse an isomerization between Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 and Ins(1,3,4,6)P4 in the presence of ADP. The enzymes from animals and plants also have the activity of EC 2.7.1.159, inositol-1,3,4-trisphosphate 5/6-kinase.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 187175-98-0
References:
1.  Stephens, L.R., Hawkins, P.T., Morris, A.J. and Downes, P.C. L-myo-Inositol 1,4,5,6-tetrakisphosphate (3-hydroxy)kinase. Biochem. J. 249 (1988) 283–292. [PMID: 2829850]
2.  Balla, T., Guillemette, G., Baukal, A.J. and Catt, K. Metabolism of inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate to a new tetrakisphosphate isomer in angiotensin-stimulated adrenal glomerulosa cells. J. Biol. Chem. 262 (1987) 9952–9955. [PMID: 3497156]
3.  Shears, S.B., Parry, J.B., Tang, E.K.Y., Irvine, R.F., Michell, R.H. and Kirk, C.J. Metabolism of D-myo-inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate by rat liver, including the synthesis of a novel isomer of myo-inositol tetrakisphosphate. Biochem. J. 246 (1987) 139–147. [PMID: 2823793]
4.  Shears, S.B. The pathway of myo-inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate phosphorylation in liver. Identification of myo-inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate 6-kinase, myo-inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate 5-kinase, and myo-inositol 1,3,4,6-tetrakisphosphate 5-kinase. J. Biol. Chem. 264 (1989) 19879–19886. [PMID: 2584198]
5.  Yang, X. and Shears, S.B. Multitasking in signal transduction by a promiscuous human Ins(3,4,5,6)P4 1-kinase/Ins(1,3,4)P3 5/6-kinase. Biochem. J. 351 (2000) 551–555. [PMID: 11042108]
6.  Ho, M.W., Yang, X., Carew, M.A., Zhang, T., Hua, L., Kwon, Y.U., Chung, S.K., Adelt, S., Vogel, G., Riley, A.M., Potter, B.V. and Shears, S.B. Regulation of Ins(3,4,5,6)P4 signaling by a reversible kinase/phosphatase. Curr. Biol. 12 (2002) 477–482. [DOI] [PMID: 11909533]
[EC 2.7.1.134 created 1990, (EC 2.7.1.133 created 1989, incorporated 2002, EC 2.7.1.139 created 1992, incorporated 2002), modified 2002]
 
 
EC 2.7.1.140     
Accepted name: inositol-tetrakisphosphate 5-kinase
Reaction: ATP + 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4,6-tetrakisphosphate = ADP + 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate
Other name(s): 1D-myo-inositol-tetrakisphosphate 5-kinase
Systematic name: ATP:1D-myo-inositol-1,3,4,6-tetrakisphosphate 5-phosphotransferase
Comments: The enzyme from plants and yeast can also use Ins(1,2,3,4,6)P5 as a substrate [2].
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 123940-40-9
References:
1.  Shears, S.B. The pathway of myo-inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate phosphorylation in liver. Identification of myo-inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate 6-kinase, myo-inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate 5-kinase, and myo-inositol 1,3,4,6-tetrakisphosphate 5-kinase. J. Biol. Chem. 264 (1989) 19879–19886. [PMID: 2584198]
2.  Stevenson-Paulik, J., Odom, A.R. and York, J.D. Molecular and biochemical characterization of two plant inositol polyphosphate 6-/3-/5-kinases. J. Biol. Chem. 277 (2002) 42711–42718. [DOI] [PMID: 12226109]
[EC 2.7.1.140 created 1992]
 
 
EC 2.7.1.159     
Accepted name: inositol-1,3,4-trisphosphate 5/6-kinase
Reaction: (1) ATP + 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate = ADP + 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate
(2) ATP + 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate = ADP + 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4,6-tetrakisphosphate
Other name(s): Ins(1,3,4)P3 5/6-kinase; inositol trisphosphate 5/6-kinase
Systematic name: ATP:1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate 5-phosphotransferase
Comments: In humans, this enzyme, along with EC 2.7.1.127 (inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase), EC 2.7.1.140 (inositol-tetrakisphosphate 5-kinase) and EC 2.7.1.158 (inositol pentakisphosphate 2-kinase) is involved in the production of inositol hexakisphosphate (InsP6). InsP6 is involved in many cellular processes, including mRNA export from the nucleus [2]. Yeasts do not have this enzyme, so produce InsP6 from Ins(1,4,5)P3 by the actions of EC 2.7.1.151 (inositol-polyphosphate multikinase) and EC 2.7.1.158 (inositol-pentakisphosphate 2-kinase) [2]. The enzymes from animals and plants also have the activity of EC 2.7.1.134, inositol-tetrakisphosphate 1-kinase.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 288307-53-9
References:
1.  Wilson, M.P. and Majerus, P.W. Isolation of inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate 5/6-kinase, cDNA cloning and expression of the recombinant enzyme. J. Biol. Chem. 271 (1996) 11904–11910. [DOI] [PMID: 8662638]
2.  Verbsky, J.W., Chang, S.C., Wilson, M.P., Mochizuki, Y. and Majerus, P.W. The pathway for the production of inositol hexakisphosphate in human cells. J. Biol. Chem. 280 (2005) 1911–1920. [DOI] [PMID: 15531582]
3.  Miller, G.J., Wilson, M.P., Majerus, P.W. and Hurley, J.H. Specificity determinants in inositol polyphosphate synthesis: crystal structure of inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate 5/6-kinase. Mol. Cell. 18 (2005) 201–212. [DOI] [PMID: 15837423]
[EC 2.7.1.159 created 2006]
 
 
EC 3.1.3.36     
Accepted name: phosphoinositide 5-phosphatase
Reaction: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate + H2O = 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate + phosphate
For diagram of 1-phosphatidyl-myo-inositol metabolism, click here
Glossary: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate = PtdIns4P
1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 1,4-bisphosphate = PtdIns(1,4)P2
1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate = PtdIns(4,5)P2
1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate = PtdIns(1,3,4)P3
1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate = PtdIns(1,4,5)P3
1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate = PtdIns(3,4,5)P3
1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate = PtdIns(1,3,4,5)P4
Other name(s): type II inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase; triphosphoinositide phosphatase; IP3 phosphatase; PtdIns(4,5)P2 phosphatase; triphosphoinositide phosphomonoesterase; diphosphoinositide phosphatase; inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate 5-phosphomonoesterase; inositol triphosphate 5-phosphomonoesterase; phosphatidylinositol-bisphosphatase; phosphatidyl-myo-inositol-4,5-bisphosphate phosphatase; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphatase; polyphosphoinositol lipid 5-phosphatase; phosphatidyl-inositol-bisphosphate phosphatase
Systematic name: phosphatidyl-myo-inositol-4,5-bisphosphate 4-phosphohydrolase
Comments: These enzymes can also remove the 5-phosphate from Ins(1,4,5)P3 and/or Ins(1,3,4,5)P4. They are a diverse family of enzymes, with differing abilities to catalyse two or more of the four reactions listed. They are thought to use inositol lipids rather than inositol phosphates as substrates in vivo. All of them can use either or both of PtdIns(4,5)P2 and PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 as substrates; this is the main property that distinguishes them from EC 3.1.3.56, inositol-polyphosphate 5-phosphatase.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 9036-01-5
References:
1.  Dawson, R.M.C. and Thompson, W. The triphosphoinositide phosphomonoesterase of brain tissue. Biochem. J. 91 (1964) 244–250. [PMID: 4284485]
2.  Roach, P.D. and Palmer, F.B.S. Human erythrocyte cytosol phosphatidyl-inositol-bisphosphate phosphatase. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 661 (1981) 323–333. [DOI] [PMID: 6271223]
3.  Woscholski, R. and Parker, P.J. Inositol phosphatases: constructive destruction of phosphoinositides and inositol phosphates. In: Cockcroft, S. (Ed.), Biology of Phosphoinositides, Biology of Phosphoinositides, Oxford, 2000, pp. 320–338.
[EC 3.1.3.36 created 1972, modified 2002]
 
 
EC 3.1.3.56     
Accepted name: inositol-polyphosphate 5-phosphatase
Reaction: (1) D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate + H2O = myo-inositol 1,4-bisphosphate + phosphate
(2) 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate + H2O = 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate + phosphate
For diagram of myo-inositol-phosphate biosynthesis, click here
Other name(s): type I inositol-polyphosphate phosphatase; inositol trisphosphate phosphomonoesterase; InsP3/Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 5-phosphatase; inosine triphosphatase; D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate 5-phosphatase; D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase; L-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-monoesterase; inositol phosphate 5-phosphomonoesterase; inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate/1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate 5-phosphatase; Ins(1,4,5)P3 5-phosphatase; D-myo-inositol(1,4,5)/(1,3,4,5)-polyphosphate 5-phosphatase; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate phosphatase; inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase; myo-inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase; inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase
Systematic name: 1D-myo-inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphohydrolase
Comments: One mammalian isoform is known. This enzyme is distinguished from the family of enzymes classified under EC 3.1.3.36, phosphoinositide 5-phosphatase, by its inability to dephosphorylate inositol lipids.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 106283-14-1
References:
1.  Downes, C.P., Mussat, M.C. and Michell, R.H. The inositol trisphosphate phosphomonoesterase of the human erythrocyte membrane. Biochem. J. 203 (1982) 169–177. [PMID: 6285891]
2.  Erneux, C., Lemos, M., Verjans, B., Vanderhaeghen, P., Delvaux, A. and Dumont, J.E. Soluble and particulate Ins(1,4,5)P3/Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 5-phosphatase in bovine brain. Eur. J. Biochem. 181 (1989) 317–322. [DOI] [PMID: 2540972]
3.  Woscholski, R. and Parker, P.J. Inositol phosphatases: constructive destruction of phosphoinositides and inositol phosphates. In: Cockcroft, S. (Ed.), Biology of Phosphoinositides, Biology of Phosphoinositides, Oxford, 2000, pp. 320–338.
4.  Verjans, B., De Smedt, F., Lecocq, R., Vanweyenberg, V., Moreau, C. and Erneux, C. Cloning and expression in Escherichia coli of a dog thyroid cDNA encoding a novel inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase. Biochem. J. 300 (1994) 85–90. [PMID: 8198557]
[EC 3.1.3.56 created 1989, modified 2002]
 
 
EC 3.1.3.57     
Accepted name: inositol-1,4-bisphosphate 1-phosphatase
Reaction: 1D-myo-inositol 1,4-bisphosphate + H2O = 1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate + phosphate
For diagram of myo-inositol-phosphate biosynthesis, click here
Other name(s): inositol-polyphosphate 1-phosphatase
Systematic name: 1D-myo-inositol-1,4-bisphosphate 1-phosphohydrolase
Comments: The enzyme acts on inositol 1,4-bisphosphate and inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate (forming inositol 3,4-bisphosphate) with similar Vmax values for both substrates, but with a five-times higher affinity for the bisphosphate. Does not act on inositol 1-phosphate, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate or inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 111070-17-8, 111694-13-4
References:
1.  Berridge, M.J., Dawson, R.M.C., Downes, C.P., Heslop, J.P. and Irvine, R.F. Changes in the levels of inositol phosphates after agonist-dependent hydrolysis of membrane phosphoinositides. Biochem. J. 212 (1983) 473–482. [PMID: 6309146]
2.  Connolly, T.M., Bansal, V.S., Bross, T.E., Irvine, R.F. and Majerus, P.W. The metabolism of tris- and tetraphosphates of inositol by 5-phosphomonoesterase and 3-kinase enzymes. J. Biol. Chem. 262 (1987) 2146–2149. [PMID: 3029066]
3.  Inhorn, R.C. and Majerus, P.W. Inositol polyphosphate 1-phosphatase from calf brain. Purification and inhibition by Li+, Ca2+, and Mn2+. J. Biol. Chem. 262 (1987) 15946–15952. [PMID: 2824473]
[EC 3.1.3.57 created 1989, modified 2002]
 
 
EC 3.1.3.66     
Accepted name: phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate 4-phosphatase
Reaction: 1-phosphatidyl-myo-inositol 3,4-bisphosphate + H2O = 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate + phosphate
For diagram of 1-phosphatidyl-myo-inositol metabolism, click here
Glossary: inositol 3-phosphate = Ins-3-P
inositol 1,3-bisphosphate = Ins(1,3)P2
inositol 3,4-bisphosphate = Ins(3,4)P2
inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate = Ins(1,3,4)P3
1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate = PtdIns3P
1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate = PtdIns4P
Other name(s): inositol-3,4-bisphosphate 4-phosphatase; D-myo-inositol-3,4-bisphosphate 4-phosphohydrolase; phosphoinositide 4-phosphatase; inositol polyphosphate 4-phosphatase; inositol polyphosphate 4-phosphatase type II
Systematic name: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol-3,4-bisphosphate 4-phosphohydrolase
Comments: Mg2+-independent. This enzyme still works when the 2,3-bis(acyloxy)propyl group is removed, i.e., it hydrolyses Ins(1,3,4)P3 to Ins(1,3)P2. It also converts Ins(3,4)P2 into Ins-3-P.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, CAS registry number: 123644-80-4
References:
1.  Howell, S., Barnaby, R.J., Rowe, T., Ragan, C.I. and Gee, N.S. Evidence for at least four different inositol bisphosphatases in bovine brain. Eur. J. Biochem. 183 (1989) 169–172. [DOI] [PMID: 2546770]
2.  Norris, F.A., Auethavekiat, V. and Majerus, P.W. The isolation and characterization of cDNA encoding human and rat brain inositol polyphosphate 4-phosphatase. J. Biol. Chem. 270 (1995) 16128–16133. [DOI] [PMID: 7608176]
3.  Norris, F.A., Atkins, R.C. and Majerus, P.W. The cDNA cloning and characterization of inositol polyphosphate 4-phosphatase type II. Evidence for conserved alternative splicing in the 4-phosphatase family. J. Biol. Chem. 272 (1997) 23859–23864. [DOI] [PMID: 9295334]
[EC 3.1.3.66 created 1992, modified 2002]
 
 


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