EC
|
1.14.13.108
|
Transferred entry: | abieta-7,13-diene hydroxylase. Now EC 1.14.14.144, abieta-7,13-diene hydroxylase
|
[EC 1.14.13.108 created 2009, modified 2012, deleted 2018] |
|
|
|
|
EC |
1.14.14.144 |
Accepted name: |
abieta-7,13-diene hydroxylase |
Reaction: |
abieta-7,13-diene + [reduced NADPH—hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = abieta-7,13-dien-18-ol + [oxidized NADPH—hemoprotein reductase] + H2O |
|
For diagram of abietadiene, abietate, isopimaradiene, labdadienol and sclareol biosynthesis, click here |
Glossary: |
abieta-7,13-diene = (4aS,4bR,10aS)-7-isopropyl-1,1,4a-trimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,4b,5,6,10,10a-decahydrophenanthrene
abieta-7,13-dien-18-ol = ((1R,4aR,4bR,10aR)-7-isopropyl-1,4a-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,4b,5,6,10,10a-decahydrophenanthren-1-yl)methanol |
Other name(s): |
abietadiene hydroxylase (ambiguous) |
Systematic name: |
abieta-7,13-diene,[reduced NADPH—hemoprotein reductase]:oxygen oxidoreductase (18-hydroxylating) |
Comments: |
A cytochrome P-450 (heme-thiolate) protein. This enzyme catalyses a step in the pathway of abietic acid biosynthesis. The activity has been demonstrated in cell-free stem extracts of Abies grandis (grand fir) and Pinus contorta (lodgepole pine). Activity is induced by wounding of the plant tissue [2]. |
Links to other databases: |
BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc |
References: |
1. |
Funk, C. and Croteau, R. Diterpenoid resin acid biosynthesis in conifers: characterization of two cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases and an aldehyde dehydrogenase involved in abietic acid biosynthesis. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 308 (1994) 258–266. [DOI] [PMID: 8311462] |
2. |
Funk, C., Lewinsohn, E., Vogel, B.S., Steele, C.L. and Croteau, R. Regulation of oleoresinosis in grand fir (Abies grandis) (coordinate induction of monoterpene and diterpene cyclases and two cytochrome P450-dependent diterpenoid hydroxylases by stem wounding). Plant Physiol. 106 (1994) 999–1005. [PMID: 12232380] |
|
[EC 1.14.14.144 created 2009 as EC 1.14.13.108, modified 2012, transferred 2018 to EC 1.14.14.144] |
|
|
|
|
EC |
4.2.3.18 |
Accepted name: |
abieta-7,13-diene synthase |
Reaction: |
(+)-copalyl diphosphate = abieta-7,13-diene + diphosphate |
|
For diagram of abietadiene, abietate, isopimaradiene, phyllocladan-16alpha-ol and sclareol biosynthesis, click here and for diagram of reaction, click here |
Glossary: |
(+)-copalyl diphosphate = (2E)-3-methyl-5-[(1S,4aS,8aS)-5,5,8a-trimethyl-2-methylidenedecahydronaphthalen-1-yl]pent-2-en-1-yl trihydrogen diphosphate
abieta-7,13-diene = (4aS,4bR,10aS)-7-isopropyl-1,1,4a-trimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,4b,5,6,10,10a-decahydrophenanthrene |
Other name(s): |
copalyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase (cyclizing) (ambiguous); abietadiene synthase (ambiguous) |
Systematic name: |
(+)-copalyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase [cyclizing, abieta-7,13-diene-forming] |
Comments: |
Part of a bifunctional enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of abietadiene. See also EC 5.5.1.12, copalyl diphosphate synthase. Requires Mg2+. |
Links to other databases: |
BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 157972-08-2 |
References: |
1. |
Peters, R.J., Flory, J.E., Jetter, R., Ravn, M.M., Lee, H.J., Coates, R.M. and Croteau, R.B. Abietadiene synthase from grand fir (Abies grandis): characterization and mechanism of action of the "pseudomature" recombinant enzyme. Biochemistry 39 (2000) 15592–15602. [DOI] [PMID: 11112547] |
2. |
Peters, R.J., Ravn, M.M., Coates, R.M. and Croteau, R.B. Bifunctional abietadiene synthase: free diffusive transfer of the (+)-copalyl diphosphate intermediate between two distinct active sites. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 123 (2001) 8974–8978. [DOI] [PMID: 11552804] |
3. |
Peters, R.J. and Croteau, R.B. Abietadiene synthase catalysis: mutational analysis of a prenyl diphosphate ionization-initiated cyclization and rearrangement. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99 (2002) 580–584. [DOI] [PMID: 11805316] |
4. |
Peters, R.J. and Croteau, R.B. Abietadiene synthase catalysis: conserved residues involved in protonation-initiated cyclization of geranylgeranyl diphosphate to (+)-copalyl diphosphate. Biochemistry 41 (2002) 1836–1842. [DOI] [PMID: 11827528] |
5. |
Ravn, M.M., Peters, R.J., Coates, R.M. and Croteau, R. Mechanism of abietadiene synthase catalysis: stereochemistry and stabilization of the cryptic pimarenyl carbocation intermediates. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 124 (2002) 6998–7006. [DOI] [PMID: 12059223] |
|
[EC 4.2.3.18 created 2002, modified 2012] |
|
|
|
|
EC |
4.2.3.132 |
Accepted name: |
neoabietadiene synthase |
Reaction: |
(+)-copalyl diphosphate = neoabietadiene + diphosphate |
|
For diagram of abietane diterpenoids biosynthesis, click here |
Glossary: |
neoabietadiene = abieta-8(14),13(15)-diene |
Other name(s): |
TPS-LAS |
Systematic name: |
(+)-copaly-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase (cyclizing, neoabietadiene-forming) |
Comments: |
Isolated from Abies grandis (grand fir) [1]. This class I enzyme forms about equal proportions of abietadiene, levopimaradiene and neoabietadiene. See also EC 4.2.3.18, abieta-7,13-diene synthase and EC 4.2.3.32, levopimaradiene synthase. An X-ray study of this multifunctional enzyme showed that the class I activity is in the α domain, while (+)-copalyl diphosphate synthase activity (EC 5.5.1.12, a class II activity) is in the β and γ domains [2]. In Pinus taeda (loblolly pine) the major product is levopimaradiene, with less abietadiene and neoabietadiene [3]. |
Links to other databases: |
BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB |
References: |
1. |
Peters, R.J., Flory, J.E., Jetter, R., Ravn, M.M., Lee, H.J., Coates, R.M. and Croteau, R.B. Abietadiene synthase from grand fir (Abies grandis): characterization and mechanism of action of the "pseudomature" recombinant enzyme. Biochemistry 39 (2000) 15592–15602. [DOI] [PMID: 11112547] |
2. |
Zhou, K., Gao, Y., Hoy, J.A., Mann, F.M., Honzatko, R.B. and Peters, R.J. Insights into diterpene cyclization from structure of bifunctional abietadiene synthase from Abies grandis. J. Biol. Chem. 287 (2012) 6840–6850. [DOI] [PMID: 22219188] |
3. |
Ro, D.K. and Bohlmann, J. Diterpene resin acid biosynthesis in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda): functional characterization of abietadiene/levopimaradiene synthase (PtTPS-LAS) cDNA and subcellular targeting of PtTPS-LAS and abietadienol/abietadienal oxidase (PtAO, CYP720B1). Phytochemistry 67 (2006) 1572–1578. [DOI] [PMID: 16497345] |
|
[EC 4.2.3.132 created 2012] |
|
|
|
|