The Enzyme Database

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EC 1.14.14.58     
Accepted name: trimethyltridecatetraene synthase
Reaction: (6E,10E)-geranyllinalool + [reduced NADPH—hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = (3E,7E)-4,8,12-trimethyltrideca-1,3,7,11-tetraene + [oxidized NADPH—hemoprotein reductase] + but-3-en-2-one + 2 H2O
For diagram of acyclic diterpenoid biosynthesis, click here
Glossary: (6E,10E)-geranyllinalool = (6E,10E)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-1,6,10,14-tetraen-3-ol
Other name(s): CYP82G1; CYP92C5; CYP92C6; DMNT/TMTT homoterpene synthase
Systematic name: (6E,10E)-geranyllinalool,[reduced NADPH—hemoprotein reductase]:oxygen oxidoreductase
Comments: A cytochrome P-450 (heme-thiolate) protein isolated from the plants Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) and Zea mays (maize). It forms this C16 homoterpene in response to herbivore attack. In vitro some variants of the enzyme also convert (3S,6E)-nerolidol to (3E)-4,8-dimethylnona-1,3,7-triene (see EC 1.14.14.59, dimethylnonatriene synthase).
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc
References:
1.  Lee, S., Badieyan, S., Bevan, D.R., Herde, M., Gatz, C. and Tholl, D. Herbivore-induced and floral homoterpene volatiles are biosynthesized by a single P450 enzyme (CYP82G1) in Arabidopsis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 107 (2010) 21205–21210. [DOI] [PMID: 21088219]
2.  Richter, A., Schaff, C., Zhang, Z., Lipka, A.E., Tian, F., Kollner, T.G., Schnee, C., Preiss, S., Irmisch, S., Jander, G., Boland, W., Gershenzon, J., Buckler, E.S. and Degenhardt, J. Characterization of biosynthetic pathways for the production of the volatile homoterpenes DMNT and TMTT in Zea mays. Plant Cell 28 (2016) 2651–2665. [DOI] [PMID: 27662898]
[EC 1.14.14.58 created 2018]
 
 
EC 1.14.14.59     
Accepted name: dimethylnonatriene synthase
Reaction: (3S,6E)-nerolidol + [reduced NADPH—hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = (3E)-4,8-dimethylnona-1,3,7-triene + [oxidized NADPH—hemoprotein reductase] + but-3-en-2-one + 2 H2O
For diagram of acyclic sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis, click here
Other name(s): CYP82G1; CYP92C5; DMNT/TMTT homoterpene synthase
Systematic name: (3S,6E)-nerolidol,[reduced NADPH—hemoprotein reductase]:oxygen oxidoreductase
Comments: A cytochrome P-450 (heme-thiolate) protein isolated from the plants Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) and Zea mays (maize). It forms this C11 homoterpene in response to herbivore attack. In vitro the enzyme also converts (6E,10E)-geranyllinalool to (3E,7E)-4,8,12-trimethyltrideca-1,3,7,11-tetraene (see EC 1.14.14.58, trimethyltridecatetraene synthase).
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc
References:
1.  Lee, S., Badieyan, S., Bevan, D.R., Herde, M., Gatz, C. and Tholl, D. Herbivore-induced and floral homoterpene volatiles are biosynthesized by a single P450 enzyme (CYP82G1) in Arabidopsis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 107 (2010) 21205–21210. [DOI] [PMID: 21088219]
2.  Richter, A., Schaff, C., Zhang, Z., Lipka, A.E., Tian, F., Kollner, T.G., Schnee, C., Preiss, S., Irmisch, S., Jander, G., Boland, W., Gershenzon, J., Buckler, E.S. and Degenhardt, J. Characterization of biosynthetic pathways for the production of the volatile homoterpenes DMNT and TMTT in Zea mays. Plant Cell 28 (2016) 2651–2665. [DOI] [PMID: 27662898]
[EC 1.14.14.59 created 2018]
 
 
EC 4.2.3.144     
Accepted name: geranyllinalool synthase
Reaction: geranylgeranyl diphosphate + H2O = (6E,10E)-geranyllinalool + diphosphate
For diagram of acyclic diterpenoid biosynthesis, click here
Glossary: geranylgeranyl diphosphate = (2E,6E,10E)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,6,10,14-tetraen-1-yl diphosphate
(6E,10E)-geranyllinalool = (6E,10E)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-1,6,10,14-tetraen-3-ol
Other name(s): TPS04/GES; GES
Systematic name: geranylgeranyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase [(E,E)-geranyllinalool-forming]
Comments: The enzyme is a component of the herbivore-induced indirect defense system. The product, (E,E)-geranyllinalool, is a precursor to the volatile compound 4,8,12-trimethyl-1,3,7,11-tridecatetraene (TMTT), which is released by many plants in response to damage.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc
References:
1.  Herde, M., Gartner, K., Kollner, T.G., Fode, B., Boland, W., Gershenzon, J., Gatz, C. and Tholl, D. Identification and regulation of TPS04/GES, an Arabidopsis geranyllinalool synthase catalyzing the first step in the formation of the insect-induced volatile C16-homoterpene TMTT. Plant Cell 20 (2008) 1152–1168. [DOI] [PMID: 18398052]
2.  Attaran, E., Rostas, M. and Zeier, J. Pseudomonas syringae elicits emission of the terpenoid (E,E)-4,8,12-trimethyl-1,3,7,11-tridecatetraene in Arabidopsis leaves via jasmonate signaling and expression of the terpene synthase TPS4. Mol. Plant Microbe Interact. 21 (2008) 1482–1497. [DOI] [PMID: 18842097]
[EC 4.2.3.144 created 2013]
 
 


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