ExplorEnz: EC 5.1.1.18

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5.1.1.18

Accepted name:

serine racemase

Reaction:

L-serine = D-serine

Other name(s):

SRR

Systematic name:

serine racemase

Comments:

A pyridoxal-phosphate protein that is highly selective for L-serine as substrate. D-Serine is found in type-II astrocytes in mammalian brain, where it appears to be an endogenous ligand of the glycine site of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors [1,2]. The reaction can also occur in the reverse direction but does so more slowly at physiological serine concentrations [4].

Links to other databases:

BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 77114-08-0

References:

1.	Wolosker, H., Blackshaw, S. and Snyder, S.H. Serine racemase: a glial enzyme synthesizing D-serine to regulate glutamate-N-methyl-D-aspartate neurotransmission. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96 (1999) 13409–13414. [DOI] [PMID: 10557334]
2.	Wolosker, H., Sheth, K.N., Takahashi, M., Mothet, J.P., Brady, R.O., Jr., Ferris, C.D. and Snyder, S.H. Purification of serine racemase: biosynthesis of the neuromodulator D-serine. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96 (1999) 721–725. [DOI] [PMID: 9892700]
3.	De Miranda, J., Santoro, A., Engelender, S. and Wolosker, H. Human serine racemase: moleular cloning, genomic organization and functional analysis. Gene 256 (2000) 183–188. [DOI] [PMID: 11054547]
4.	Foltyn, V.N., Bendikov, I., De Miranda, J., Panizzutti, R., Dumin, E., Shleper, M., Li, P., Toney, M.D., Kartvelishvily, E. and Wolosker, H. Serine racemase modulates intracellular D-serine levels through an α,β-elimination activity. J. Biol. Chem. 280 (2005) 1754–1763. [DOI] [PMID: 15536068]

[EC 5.1.1.18 created 2007]