| EC |
4.2.3.20 |
| Accepted name: |
(R)-limonene synthase |
| Reaction: |
geranyl diphosphate = (R)-limonene + diphosphate |
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For diagram of carvone biosynthesis, click here |
| Glossary: |
(R)-limonene = (+)-limonene |
| Other name(s): |
(+)-limonene synthase; geranyldiphosphate diphosphate lyase [(+)-(R)-limonene-forming]; geranyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase [cyclizing, (+)-(4R)-limonene-forming] |
| Systematic name: |
geranyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase [cyclizing, (R)-limonene-forming] |
| Comments: |
Forms the first step of carvone biosynthesis in caraway. The enzyme from Carum carvi (caraway) seeds requires a divalent metal ion (preferably Mn2+) for catalysis. This enzyme occurs in Citrus, Carum (caraway) and Anethum (dill); (-)-limonene, however, is made in the fir, Abies, and mint, Mentha, by EC 4.2.3.16, (4S)-limonene synthase. |
| Links to other databases: |
BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 155807-65-1 |
| References: |
| 1. |
Bouwmeester, H.J., Gershenzon, J., Konings, M.C.J.M. and Croteau, R. Biosynthesis of the monoterpenes limonene and carvone in the fruit of caraway. I. Demonstration of enzyme activities and their changes with development. Plant Physiol. 117 (1998) 901–912. [PMID: 9662532] |
| 2. |
Lücker, J., El Tamer, M.K., Schwab, W., Verstappen, F.W., van der Plas, L.H., Bouwmeester, H.J. and Verhoeven, H.A. Monoterpene biosynthesis in lemon (Citrus limon). cDNA isolation and functional analysis of four monoterpene synthases. Eur. J. Biochem. 269 (2000) 3160–3171. [DOI] [PMID: 12084056] |
| 3. |
Maruyama, T., Ito, M., Kiuchi, F. and Honda, G. Molecular cloning, functional expression and characterization of d-limonene synthase from Schizonepeta tenuifolia. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 24 (2001) 373–377. [PMID: 11305598] |
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| [EC 4.2.3.20 created 2003] |
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