The Enzyme Database

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EC 2.5.1.87     
Accepted name: ditrans,polycis-polyprenyl diphosphate synthase [(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate specific]
Reaction: (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + n isopentenyl diphosphate = n diphosphate + ditrans,polycis-polyprenyl diphosphate (n = 10–55)
For diagram of di- and tritrans,polycis-polyprenol biosynthesis, click here
Other name(s): RER2; Rer2p; Rer2p Z-prenyltransferase; Srt1p; Srt2p Z-prenyltransferase; ACPT; dehydrodolichyl diphosphate synthase 1
Systematic name: (2E,6E)-farnesyl-diphosphate:isopentenyl-diphosphate cistransferase (adding 10–55 isopentenyl units)
Comments: The enzyme is involved in biosynthesis of dolichol (a long-chain polyprenol) with a saturated α-isoprene unit, which serves as a glycosyl carrier in protein glycosylation [1]. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has two different enzymes that catalyse this reaction. Rer2p synthesizes a well-defined family of polyprenols of 13–18 isoprene residues with dominating C80 (16 isoprene residues) extending to C120, while Srt1p synthesizes mainly polyprenol with 22 isoprene subunits. Largest Srt1p products reach C290 [2]. The enzyme from Arabidopsis thaliana catalyses the formation of polyprenyl diphosphates with predominant carbon number C120 [4].
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB
References:
1.  Sato, M., Fujisaki, S., Sato, K., Nishimura, Y. and Nakano, A. Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has two cis-prenyltransferases with different properties and localizations. Implication for their distinct physiological roles in dolichol synthesis. Genes Cells 6 (2001) 495–506. [DOI] [PMID: 11442630]
2.  Poznanski, J. and Szkopinska, A. Precise bacterial polyprenol length control fails in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biopolymers 86 (2007) 155–164. [DOI] [PMID: 17345630]
3.  Sato, M., Sato, K., Nishikawa, S., Hirata, A., Kato, J. and Nakano, A. The yeast RER2 gene, identified by endoplasmic reticulum protein localization mutations, encodes cis-prenyltransferase, a key enzyme in dolichol synthesis. Mol. Cell Biol. 19 (1999) 471–483. [DOI] [PMID: 9858571]
4.  Oh, S.K., Han, K.H., Ryu, S.B. and Kang, H. Molecular cloning, expression, and functional analysis of a cis-prenyltransferase from Arabidopsis thaliana. Implications in rubber biosynthesis. J. Biol. Chem. 275 (2000) 18482–18488. [DOI] [PMID: 10764783]
5.  Cunillera, N., Arro, M., Fores, O., Manzano, D. and Ferrer, A. Characterization of dehydrodolichyl diphosphate synthase of Arabidopsis thaliana, a key enzyme in dolichol biosynthesis. FEBS Lett. 477 (2000) 170–174. [DOI] [PMID: 10908715]
[EC 2.5.1.87 created 2010]
 
 


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