ExplorEnz: EC 1.5.3.24

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1.5.3.24

Accepted name:

sarcosine oxidase (5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate-forming)

Reaction:

sarcosine + 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + O₂ = glycine + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + H₂O₂

Other name(s):

TSOX; sarcosine oxidase (ambigious); heterotetrameric sarcosine oxidase

Systematic name:

sarcosine, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate:O₂ oxidoreductase (demethylating,5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate-forming)

Comments:

The enzyme, found in some bacterial species, is composed of four different subunits and two active sites connected by a large "reaction chamber". An imine intermediate is transferred between the sites, eliminating the production of toxic formaldehyde. The enzyme contains three cofactors: noncovalently bound FAD and NAD⁺, and FMN that is covalently bound to a histidine residue. In the absence of folate the enzyme catalyses the reaction of EC 1.5.3.1, sarcosine oxidase (formaldehyde-forming).

Links to other databases:

BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 9029-22-5

References:

1.	Hayashi, S., Nakamura, S. and Suzuki, M. Corynebacterium sarcosine oxidase: a unique enzyme having covalently-bound and noncovalently-bound flavins. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 96 (1980) 924–930. [DOI] [PMID: 6158947]
2.	Suzuki, M. Purification and some properties of sarcosine oxidase from Corynebacterium sp. U-96. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 89 (1981) 599–607. [DOI] [PMID: 7240129]
3.	Chlumsky, L.J., Zhang, L., Ramsey, A.J. and Jorns, M.S. Preparation and properties of recombinant corynebacterial sarcosine oxidase: evidence for posttranslational modification during turnover with sarcosine. Biochemistry 32 (1993) 11132–11142. [DOI] [PMID: 7692961]
4.	Chlumsky, L.J., Sturgess, A.W., Nieves, E. and Jorns, M.S. Identification of the covalent flavin attachment site in sarcosine oxidase. Biochemistry 37 (1998) 2089–2095. [DOI] [PMID: 9485355]
5.	Eschenbrenner, M., Chlumsky, L.J., Khanna, P., Strasser, F. and Jorns, M.S. Organization of the multiple coenzymes and subunits and role of the covalent flavin link in the complex heterotetrameric sarcosine oxidase. Biochemistry 40 (2001) 5352–5367. [DOI] [PMID: 11330998]

[EC 1.5.3.24 created 2022]