ExplorEnz: EC 1.2.1.75

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1.2.1.75

Accepted name:

malonyl-CoA reductase (malonate semialdehyde-forming)

Reaction:

malonate semialdehyde + CoA + NADP⁺ = malonyl-CoA + NADPH + H⁺

For diagram of the 3-hydroxypropanoate cycle, click here and for diagram of the 3-hydroxypropanoate/4-hydroxybutanoate cycle and dicarboxylate/4-hydroxybutanoate cycle in archaea, click here

Other name(s):

NADP-dependent malonyl CoA reductase; malonyl CoA reductase (NADP); malonyl CoA reductase (malonate semialdehyde-forming)

Systematic name:

malonate semialdehyde:NADP⁺ oxidoreductase (malonate semialdehyde-forming)

Comments:

Requires Mg²⁺. Catalyses the reduction of malonyl-CoA to malonate semialdehyde, a key step in the 3-hydroxypropanoate and the 3-hydroxypropanoate/4-hydroxybutanoate cycles, autotrophic CO₂ fixation pathways found in some green non-sulfur phototrophic bacteria and some thermoacidophilic archaea, respectively [1,2]. The enzyme from Sulfolobus tokodaii has been purified, and found to contain one RNA molecule per two subunits [3]. The enzyme from Chloroflexus aurantiacus is bifunctional, and also catalyses the next reaction in the pathway, EC 1.1.1.298 [3-hydroxypropionate dehydrogenase (NADP⁺)] [4].

Links to other databases:

BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB

References:

1.	Strauss, G. and Fuchs, G. Enzymes of a novel autotrophic CO₂ fixation pathway in the phototrophic bacterium Chloroflexus aurantiacus, the 3-hydroxypropionate cycle. Eur. J. Biochem. 215 (1993) 633–643. [DOI] [PMID: 8354269]
2.	Berg, I.A., Kockelkorn, D., Buckel, W. and Fuchs, G. A 3-hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate autotrophic carbon dioxide assimilation pathway in Archaea. Science 318 (2007) 1782–1786. [DOI] [PMID: 18079405]
3.	Alber, B., Olinger, M., Rieder, A., Kockelkorn, D., Jobst, B., Hugler, M. and Fuchs, G. Malonyl-coenzyme A reductase in the modified 3-hydroxypropionate cycle for autotrophic carbon fixation in archaeal Metallosphaera and Sulfolobus spp. J. Bacteriol. 188 (2006) 8551–8559. [DOI] [PMID: 17041055]
4.	Hugler, M., Menendez, C., Schagger, H. and Fuchs, G. Malonyl-coenzyme A reductase from Chloroflexus aurantiacus, a key enzyme of the 3-hydroxypropionate cycle for autotrophic CO₂ fixation. J. Bacteriol. 184 (2002) 2404–2410. [DOI] [PMID: 11948153]

[EC 1.2.1.75 created 2009]