ExplorEnz: EC 1.14.18.7

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1.14.18.7

Accepted name:

dihydroceramide fatty acyl 2-hydroxylase

Reaction:

a dihydroceramide + 2 ferrocytochrome b₅ + O₂ + 2 H⁺ = a (2′R)-2′-hydroxydihydroceramide + 2 ferricytochrome b₅ + H₂O

Glossary:

a dihydroceramide = an N-acylsphinganine

Other name(s):

FAH1 (gene name); FAH₂ (gene name); plant sphingolipid fatty acid 2-hydroxylase

Systematic name:

dihydroceramide,ferrocytochrome-b₅:oxygen oxidoreductase (fatty acyl 2-hydroxylating)

Comments:

The enzyme, characterized from plants, catalyses the hydroxylation of carbon 2 of long- or very-long-chain fatty acids attached to sphinganine during de novo ceramide synthesis. The enzyme requires an external cytochrome b₅ as the electron donor. The newly introduced 2-hydroxyl group has R-configuration. cf. EC 1.14.18.6, 4-hydroxysphinganine ceramide fatty acyl 2-hydroxylase.

Links to other databases:

BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB

References:

1.	Nagano, M., Ihara-Ohori, Y., Imai, H., Inada, N., Fujimoto, M., Tsutsumi, N., Uchimiya, H. and Kawai-Yamada, M. Functional association of cell death suppressor, Arabidopsis Bax inhibitor-1, with fatty acid 2-hydroxylation through cytochrome b₅. Plant J. 58 (2009) 122–134. [DOI] [PMID: 19054355]
2.	Nagano, M., Takahara, K., Fujimoto, M., Tsutsumi, N., Uchimiya, H. and Kawai-Yamada, M. Arabidopsis sphingolipid fatty acid 2-hydroxylases (AtFAH1 and AtFAH2) are functionally differentiated in fatty acid 2-hydroxylation and stress responses. Plant Physiol. 159 (2012) 1138–1148. [DOI] [PMID: 22635113]
3.	Nagano, M., Uchimiya, H. and Kawai-Yamada, M. Plant sphingolipid fatty acid 2-hydroxylases have unique characters unlike their animal and fungus counterparts. Plant Signal. Behav. 7 (2012) 1388–1392. [DOI] [PMID: 22918503]

[EC 1.14.18.7 created 2015]