| EC |
1.1.1.219 |
| Accepted name: |
dihydroflavonol 4-reductase |
| Reaction: |
a (2R,3S,4S)-leucoanthocyanidin + NADP+ = a (2R,3R)-dihydroflavonol + NADPH + H+ |
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For diagram of flavonoid biosynthesis, click here |
| Other name(s): |
dihydrokaempferol 4-reductase; dihydromyricetin reductase; NADPH-dihydromyricetin reductase; dihydroquercetin reductase; DFR (gene name); cis-3,4-leucopelargonidin:NADP+ 4-oxidoreductase; dihydroflavanol 4-reductase (incorrect) |
| Systematic name: |
(2R,3S,4S)-leucoanthocyanidin:NADP+ 4-oxidoreductase |
| Comments: |
This plant enzyme, involved in the biosynthesis of anthocyanidins, is known to act on (+)-dihydrokaempferol, (+)-taxifolin, and (+)-dihydromyricetin, although some enzymes may act only on a subset of these compounds. Each dihydroflavonol is reduced to the corresponding cis-flavan-3,4-diol. NAD+ can act instead of NADP+, but more slowly. |
| Links to other databases: |
BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 83682-99-9 |
| References: |
| 1. |
Heller, W., Forkmann, G., Britsch, L. and Grisebach, H. Enzymatic reduction of (+)-dihydroflavonols to flavan-3,4-cis- diols with flower extracts from Matthiola incana and its role in anthocyanin biosynthesis. Planta 165 (1985) 284–287. [PMID: 24241054] |
| 2. |
Stafford, H.A. and Lester, H.H. Flavan-3-ol biosynthesis the conversion of (+)-dihydromyricetin to its flavan-3,4-diol (leucodelphinidin) and to (+)-gallocatechin by reductases extracted from tissue-cultures of Ginkgo biloba and Pseudotsuga-menziesii. Plant Physiol. 78 (1985) 791–794. [PMID: 16664326] |
| 3. |
Fischer, D., Stich, K., Britsch, L. and Grisebach, H. Purification and characterization of (+)dihydroflavonol (3-hydroxyflavanone) 4-reductase from flowers of Dahlia variabilis. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 264 (1988) 40–47. [DOI] [PMID: 3293532] |
| 4. |
Li, H., Qiu, J., Chen, F., Lv, X., Fu, C., Zhao, D., Hua, X. and Zhao, Q. Molecular characterization and expression analysis of dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR) gene in Saussurea medusa. Mol. Biol. Rep. 39 (2012) 2991–2999. [DOI] [PMID: 21701830] |
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| [EC 1.1.1.219 created 1989, modified 2016] |
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